Abstract
BACKGROUND: ) impacts on guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) plant yield and metabolism and whether the symbiotic relationship with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can mitigate Gd toxicity of soil contamination. RESULTS: AMF treatment improved mineral nutrient uptake and seed yield by 38-41% under Gd stress compared to non-inoculated stressed plants. Metabolic analysis unveiled the defense mechanisms adopted by AMF-treated plants, revealing carbon and nitrogen metabolism adaptations to withstand Gd contamination. This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination. Furthermore, fatty acid and organic acid profile changes were accompanied by the production of secondary metabolites, including tocopherols, polyamines, phenolic acids, flavones, and anthocyanins. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the coordinated synthesis of these compounds underscores the intricate regulatory mechanisms underlying plant-AMF interactions and highlights the potential of AMF to modulate plant secondary metabolism for enhanced Gd stress tolerance.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treatment improved guar mineral nutrient uptake under gadolinium stress.
- Taxon
- guar
Cyamopsis tetragonolobat0 - Treatment
- AMF treatmente0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- mineral nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF treatment improved mineral nutrient uptake and seed yield by 38-41% under Gd stress compared to non-inoculated stressed plants.”
t0“guar”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treatment increased guar seed yield by 38 to 41 percent under gadolinium stress.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Treatment
- AMF treatmente0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 38-41%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF treatment improved mineral nutrient uptake and seed yield by 38-41% under Gd stress compared to non-inoculated stressed plants.”
t0“guar”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treated guar seeds had 39 percent more total sugar under gadolinium exposure.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Treatment
- AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contaminatione1
- Direction
- increasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total sugar (+ 39% compared to control)”
t0“guar”
e1“This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treated guar seeds had 29 percent more soluble sugars.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Treatment
- AMFe1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble sugars (+ 29%)”
t0“guar”
e1“This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treated guar seeds had 30 percent more starch.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Treatment
- AMFe1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch (+ 30%)”
t0“guar”
e1“This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treated guar seeds had 57 percent more proline.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Treatment
- AMFe1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proline (+ 57%)”
t0“guar”
e1“This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treated guar seeds had 87 percent more phenylalanine.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Treatment
- AMFe1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phenylalanine (+ 87%)”
t0“guar”
e1“This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treatment changed fatty acid and organic acid profiles in guar.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Outcome
- fatty acid and organic acid profilee0
- Direction
- changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fatty acid and organic acid profile changes”
t0“guar”
e1“This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination.”
e2“AMF treatment improved mineral nutrient uptake and seed yield by 38-41% under Gd stress compared to non-inoculated stressed plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treated guar produced tocopherols, polyamines and phenolic acids.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Outcome
- production of secondary metabolites, including tocopherols, polyamines, phenolic acidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of secondary metabolites, including tocopherols, polyamines, phenolic acids”
t0“guar”
e1“This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination.”
e2“AMF treatment improved mineral nutrient uptake and seed yield by 38-41% under Gd stress compared to non-inoculated stressed plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF treated guar produced flavones and anthocyanins.
- Taxon
- guarCyamopsis tetragonolobat0
- Outcome
- flavones, and anthocyaninse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flavones, and anthocyanins”
t0“guar”
e1“This included an increase in the synthesis of primary metabolites, such as total sugar (+ 39% compared to control), soluble sugars (+ 29%), starch (+ 30%), and some main amino acids like proline (+ 57%) and phenylalanine (+ 87%) in the seeds of AMF-treated plants grown under Gd contamination.”
e2“AMF treatment improved mineral nutrient uptake and seed yield by 38-41% under Gd stress compared to non-inoculated stressed plants.”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · molecular: metabolites · Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.