Abstract
Summary Chloroplast Unusual Positioning 1 (CHUP1) plays an important role in the chloroplast avoidance and accumulation responses in mesophyll cells. In epidermal cells, prior research showed silencing CHUP1 ‐induced chloroplast stromules and amplified effector‐triggered immunity (ETI); however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. CHUP1 has a dual function in anchoring chloroplasts and recruiting chloroplast‐associated actin (cp‐actin) filaments for blue light‐induced movement. To determine which function is critical for ETI, we developed an approach to quantify chloroplast anchoring and movement in epidermal cells. Our data show that silencing NbCHUP1 in Nicotiana benthamiana plants increased epidermal chloroplast de‐anchoring and basal movement but did not fully disrupt blue light‐induced chloroplast movement. Silencing NbCHUP1 auto‐activated epidermal chloroplast defense (ECD) responses including stromule formation, perinuclear chloroplast clustering, the epidermal chloroplast response (ECR), and the chloroplast reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). These findings show chloroplast anchoring restricts a multifaceted ECD response. Our results also show that the accumulated chloroplastic H 2 O 2 in NbCHUP1 ‐silenced plants was not required for the increased basal epidermal chloroplast movement but was essential for increased stromules and enhanced ETI. This finding indicates that chloroplast de‐anchoring and H 2 O 2 play separate but essential roles during ETI.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing NbCHUP1 increased epidermal chloroplast de‐anchoring and basal movement.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- silencing NbCHUP1e0
- Outcome
- epidermal chloroplast de‐anchoring and basal movemente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing NbCHUP1 in Nicotiana benthamiana plants increased epidermal chloroplast de‐anchoring and basal movement”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing NbCHUP1 did not fully disrupt blue light-induced chloroplast movement.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- silencing NbCHUP1e0
- Outcome
- blue light‐induced chloroplast movemente1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing NbCHUP1 in Nicotiana benthamiana plants increased epidermal chloroplast de‐anchoring and basal movement”
e1“did not fully disrupt blue light‐induced chloroplast movement”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing NbCHUP1 auto-activated stromule formation, perinuclear chloroplast clustering and the epidermal chloroplast response.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Silencing NbCHUP1e2
- Outcome
- stromule formation, perinuclear chloroplast clustering, the epidermal chloroplast response (ECR)e2
- Direction
- auto‐activatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e2“Silencing NbCHUP1 auto‐activated epidermal chloroplast defense (ECD) responses including stromule formation, perinuclear chloroplast clustering, the epidermal chloroplast response (ECR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing NbCHUP1 auto-activated chloroplast reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Silencing NbCHUP1e2
- Outcome
- chloroplast reactive oxygen species (ROS)e3
- Direction
- auto‐activatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e2“Silencing NbCHUP1 auto‐activated epidermal chloroplast defense (ECD) responses including stromule formation, perinuclear chloroplast clustering, the epidermal chloroplast response (ECR)”
e3“and the chloroplast reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloroplastic H2O2 was not required for the increased basal epidermal chloroplast movement in NbCHUP1-silenced plants.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Compound
- chloroplastic H 2 O 2e4
- Outcome
- increased basal epidermal chloroplast movemente5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e4“The accumulated chloroplastic H 2 O 2”
e5“was not required for the increased basal epidermal chloroplast movement but was essential for increased stromules and enhanced ETI”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloroplastic H2O2 was essential for increased stromules and enhanced effector-triggered immunity after NbCHUP1 silencing.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Compound
- chloroplastic H 2 O 2e4
- Outcome
- increased stromules and enhanced ETIe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e4“The accumulated chloroplastic H 2 O 2”
e5“was not required for the increased basal epidermal chloroplast movement but was essential for increased stromules and enhanced ETI”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloroplast anchoring restricts a multifaceted epidermal chloroplast defense response.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Outcome
- multifaceted ECD responsee6
- Qualifier
- chloroplast anchoringe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e6“chloroplast anchoring restricts a multifaceted ECD response”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · physiology: oxidative · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.