Abstract
• The addition of PGPB could better perform the function of P. indica . • PGPB could help P. indica to further enhance the cold tolerance of rice. • Co-inoculation of PGPB with P. indica enhance the photosynthesis of rice. • Co-inoculation of PGPB with P. indica promoted rice growth through osmoregulation. As the global population continues to grow, so does the demand for food. However, cold stress due to global climate change greatly threatens the safe production of rice. Piriformospora indica plays a pivotal role as a functional microbiota in improving cold tolerance in rice. However, the addition of P. indica alone has a limited effect. In this study, an attempt was made to select plant growth-promoting bacteria ( Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Bacillus subtilis ) as helper bacteria to help P. indica function better and further enhance rice cold tolerance. Under cold stress, the co-addition of the three beneficial microorganisms significantly increased the biomass, photosynthetic performance indicators, osmoregulatory substance contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities of rice. P. indica and helper bacteria significantly reduced the cold stress-induced increases in malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage rate in rice leaves and triggered a substantial upregulation of cold-tolerant genes in rice. This suggests that P. indica and helper bacteria can synergistically improve the cold resistance of rice. The findings of the research offer a conceptual foundation and practical assistance for enhancing rice's resilience to cold temperatures.
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Three beneficial microorganisms significantly increased rice biomass under cold stress.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- co-addition of the three beneficial microorganismse0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under cold stress, the co-addition of the three beneficial microorganisms significantly increased the biomass, photosynthetic performance indicators, osmoregulatory substance contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities of rice.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined inoculation significantly increased photosynthetic performance indicators in cold-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- co-addition of the three beneficial microorganismse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic performance indicatorse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under cold stress, the co-addition of the three beneficial microorganisms significantly increased the biomass, photosynthetic performance indicators, osmoregulatory substance contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities of rice.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined inoculation significantly increased osmoregulatory substance contents in cold-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- co-addition of the three beneficial microorganismse0
- Outcome
- osmoregulatory substance contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under cold stress, the co-addition of the three beneficial microorganisms significantly increased the biomass, photosynthetic performance indicators, osmoregulatory substance contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities of rice.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined inoculation significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities in cold-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- co-addition of the three beneficial microorganismse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under cold stress, the co-addition of the three beneficial microorganisms significantly increased the biomass, photosynthetic performance indicators, osmoregulatory substance contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities of rice.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
P. indica and helper bacteria significantly reduced cold-induced malondialdehyde content in rice leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rice leavese0
- Treatment
- P. indica and helper bacteriae0
- Interactor
- P. indicaSerendipita indicae0symbiont
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. indica and helper bacteria significantly reduced the cold stress-induced increases in malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage rate in rice leaves”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
P. indica and helper bacteria significantly reduced cold-induced electrolyte leakage in rice leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- P. indica and helper bacteriae0
- Interactor
- P. indicaSerendipita indicae0symbiont
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. indica and helper bacteria significantly reduced the cold stress-induced increases in malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage rate in rice leaves”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
P. indica and helper bacteria upregulated cold tolerant genes in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- P. indica and helper bacteriae0
- Interactor
- P. indicaSerendipita indicae0symbiont
- Outcome
- cold-tolerant genese0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. indica and helper bacteria significantly reduced the cold stress-induced increases in malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage rate in rice leaves and triggered a substantial upregulation of cold-tolerant genes in rice.”
t0“rice”
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