Abstract
Background: Chickpea is a prominent leguminous crop cultivated in the West Asia and North Africa (WANA) region. Historically, it is planted during the spring season as a rainfed crop in the area, characterized by its unpredictable and frequently inadequate precipitation. Methods: To examine the impact of various levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and yield components of the Adel cultivar of chickpea, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with four replications at the research farm in Esfarayen Region in Khorasan-Iran (36.92 N, 57.55E) throughout the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons. The experimental treatments included three levels of nitrogen: 30, 75 and 150 kg ha-1 as urea fertilizer. The irrigation was applied at three levels: full irrigation, one supplementary irrigation at the flowering stage and two supplementary irrigations at the flowering and pod filling stages. The studied traits included grain yield, biological yield, the number of pods per plant, and the number of seeds per pod. Result: Our results showed that different levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer had a significant effect on the number of seeds per pod, pods per plant and biological and grain yield. The interaction effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer was significant for all studied traits. In this study, the interaction between the full irrigation treatment and 75 kg N ha-1 resulted in a significant increase in all traits (except biological yield) compared to other treatments. Furthermore, one irrigation at the flowering stage with 150 kg N ha-1 caused a significant decrease in all of the studied traits. The combination of full irrigation and 150 kg N ha-1 treatment had the highest biological yield (8.9 t ha-1), while its grain yield was 1854 kg ha-1. Therefore, by maintaining moisture levels during the critical period of chickpea growth and utilizing balanced nutritional levels, particularly nitrogen at rates of 30 and 75 kg ha-1, the yield of chickpea can be increased.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation and nitrogen significantly affected seeds per pod, pods per plant, biological yield and grain yield.
- Taxon
- Chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- different levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- number of seeds per pod, pods per plant and biological and grain yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“different levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer had a significant effect on the number of seeds per pod, pods per plant and biological and grain yield.”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation and nitrogen interacted significantly for all studied traits.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation and nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- all studied traitse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer was significant for all studied traits.”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Full irrigation plus 75 kg N ha-1 increased all traits except biological yield against other treatments.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- full irrigation treatment and 75 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- all traitse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- except biological yielde0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interaction between the full irrigation treatment and 75 kg N ha-1 resulted in a significant increase in all traits (except biological yield) compared to other treatments.”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
One irrigation at flowering plus 150 kg N ha-1 decreased all studied traits.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- one irrigation at the flowering stage with 150 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- all of the studied traitse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“one irrigation at the flowering stage with 150 kg N ha-1 caused a significant decrease in all of the studied traits.”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Full irrigation plus 150 kg N ha-1 gave highest biological yield of 8.9 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- full irrigation and 150 kg N ha-1 treatmente0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.9 t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of full irrigation and 150 kg N ha-1 treatment had the highest biological yield (8.9 t ha-1), while its grain yield was 1854 kg ha-1.”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Full irrigation plus 150 kg N ha-1 gave grain yield of 1854 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- full irrigation and 150 kg N ha-1 treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Value
- 1854 kg ha-1e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of full irrigation and 150 kg N ha-1 treatment had the highest biological yield (8.9 t ha-1), while its grain yield was 1854 kg ha-1.”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend moisture maintenance and balanced nitrogen at 30 and 75 kg ha-1 to increase yield.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at rates of 30 and 75 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- yield of chickpea can be increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by maintaining moisture levels during the critical period of chickpea growth and utilizing balanced nutritional levels, particularly nitrogen at rates of 30 and 75 kg ha-1, the yield of chickpea can be increased.”
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nitrogen · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results differ
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- no effect
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112 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 124 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.