Abstract
Abstract The reduction of soil tillage with the application of catch crop green mass in the form of a mulch is a conservation practice that is being used more and more frequently in agriculture to improve the functioning of the soil ecosystem by enhancing soil organic matter content and quality through improving soil biological activity and nutrient availability, and simultaneously reducing soil disturbance. Globally, conflicting results have been obtained with regards to the influence of various tillage methods on the soil environment under soybean cultivation. To date, only limited Polish studies have been conducted concerning the effect of reduced tillage on plant and soil properties under soybean cultivation, while as yet there are no national surveys concerning the strip‐till cultivation of soybean. Because of the growing interest in soybean cultivation in Poland, and also because of the limited and contradictory data concerning the influence of the various tillage systems (especially strip‐till) applied for soybean cultivation on plant yield and also on soil properties under the climatic condition of Poland, a study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of three tillage methods (TMs) (conventional, CT; reduced, RT and strip‐tillage, ST) on the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill), some plant characteristics, N‐associated soil properties (mineral N content, the activity of urease, proteases and nitrate reductase) and some basic soil properties in a three‐year field experiment in the years 2017–2019. The study was conducted in a field, it was a one‐factor experiment and soil samples were collected five times a year: in April (before the sowing of soybean) and also in May, June, August and September (before soybean harvesting). In 2017, the average soybean seed yield was twice as high (2.42 t ha −1 ) as in the other 2 years (mean 0.87 t ha −1 ) and was significantly higher in CT than in RT or ST. Neither the TMs nor the sampling dates differentiated between the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen. Most of the N‐related properties (mineral N content and enzymatic activity) were highest in May and/or June. The RT increased the activity of proteases and nitrate reductase as well as mineral and microbial biomass N content when compared with CT and ST. In turn, the urease activity behaved differently and in 2017 and 2019 was significantly higher in CT, than in RT and ST tillage methods. In general terms, reduced tillage combined with plant residues return may be recommended for increasing inorganic N content as well as improving soil quality by enhancing microbial biomass nitrogen content and soil enzymatic activity.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed yield was significantly higher under conventional tillage than under reduced or strip tillage
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- CTe1
- Outcome
- soybean seed yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- RT or STe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill)”
e1“In 2017, the average soybean seed yield was twice as high (2.42 t ha −1 ) as in the other 2 years (mean 0.87 t ha −1 ) and was significantly higher in CT than in RT or ST”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2017 average soybean seed yield was 2.42 t/ha, twice the mean of the other two years
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- average soybean seed yielde1
- Value
- 2.42 t ha −1e1
- Qualifier
- twice as highe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill)”
e1“In 2017, the average soybean seed yield was twice as high (2.42 t ha −1 ) as in the other 2 years (mean 0.87 t ha −1 ) and was significantly higher in CT than in RT or ST”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage methods and sampling dates did not change organic carbon or total nitrogen content
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- TMse3
- Outcome
- content of organic carbon and total nitrogene3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill)”
e3“Neither the TMs nor the sampling dates differentiated between the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral N content and enzymatic activity were highest in May and/or June
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- mineral N content and enzymatic activitye4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Setting
- May and/or Junee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill)”
e4“Most of the N‐related properties (mineral N content and enzymatic activity) were highest in May and/or June”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage increased protease and nitrate reductase activity relative to conventional and strip tillage
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- RTe5
- Outcome
- the activity of proteases and nitrate reductasee5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- CT and STe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill)”
e5“The RT increased the activity of proteases and nitrate reductase as well as mineral and microbial biomass N content when compared with CT and ST”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage increased mineral and microbial biomass N content relative to conventional and strip tillage
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- RTe5
- Outcome
- mineral and microbial biomass N contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- CT and STe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill)”
e5“The RT increased the activity of proteases and nitrate reductase as well as mineral and microbial biomass N content when compared with CT and ST”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease activity was significantly higher under conventional tillage than under reduced and strip tillage in 2017 and 2019
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- CTe6
- Outcome
- urease activitye6
- Direction
- highere6
- Qualifier
- in 2017 and 2019e6
- Comparator
- RT and STe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill)”
e6“the urease activity behaved differently and in 2017 and 2019 was significantly higher in CT, than in RT and ST tillage methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage with plant residue return may be recommended to increase inorganic N content
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- reduced tillage combined with plant residues returne7
- Outcome
- increasing inorganic N contente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed yield of soybean ( Glycine max . (L.) Merrill)”
e7“reduced tillage combined with plant residues return may be recommended for increasing inorganic N content”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 27 papers →tillage · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
263 papers in the same direction as this paper · 100 in the opposite direction · 26 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
386 papers more in this group
See all 390 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.