Abstract
ABSTRACT Maize and wheat are two important cereal crops for the food security of the world population. However, constant climate change and the intensification of anthropic activities have intensified the emergence of stressful environmental in the various agricultural production systems around the world. Therefore, in this study we evaluate the chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, transpiration and grain yield of maize and wheat crops exposed to soil salinity, drought and high temperatures and determine the damage intensity of these stressing conditions and the theoretical multifactorial damage intensity. Field experiments were conducted during the 2022 and 2023 agricultural seasons in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico. The treatments consisted of the cultivation of maize and wheat in three stressful production environments (soil salinity, drought and high temperatures) and a non‐stressful production environment (Control), with four repetitions. The tolerance and intensity index of abiotic stresses, as well as the intensity of theoretical multifactorial stress (salinity, drought and high temperatures), for morphological traits and grain yield, were calculated. The results reported that physiological traits and yield of maize and wheat are severely affected by drought stress conditions. High temperatures are the second abiotic stress factor that most limits physiological traits and grain yield of maize and wheat crops, being more harmful than soil salinity. The theoretical multifactorial stress has a greater negative impact on the yield of the elite maize and wheat varieties. The sum of a stressful environmental factor increases the intensity of multifactorial stress on grain yield of both cereal crops, especially for maize crop.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Drought severely affected physiological traits and yield of maize.
- Treatment
- drought stress conditionse0
- Outcome
- physiological traits and yielde0
- Direction
- severely affectede0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“physiological traits and yield of maize and wheat are severely affected by drought stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought severely affected physiological traits and yield of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- drought stress conditionse0
- Outcome
- physiological traits and yielde0
- Direction
- severely affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“physiological traits and yield of maize and wheat are severely affected by drought stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature was the second most limiting stress for maize physiological traits and grain yield, more harmful than salinity.
- Treatment
- High temperaturese0
- Outcome
- physiological traits and grain yielde0
- Direction
- more harmfule0
- Comparator
- soil salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperatures are the second abiotic stress factor that most limits physiological traits and grain yield of maize and wheat crops, being more harmful than soil salinity.”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature was the second most limiting stress for wheat physiological traits and grain yield, more harmful than salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- High temperaturese0
- Outcome
- physiological traits and grain yielde0
- Direction
- more harmfule0
- Comparator
- soil salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperatures are the second abiotic stress factor that most limits physiological traits and grain yield of maize and wheat crops, being more harmful than soil salinity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Theoretical combined stress had a greater negative yield impact on elite maize varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The theoretical multifactorial stress has a greater negative impact on the yield of the elite maize and wheat varieties.”
Claim · model-written summary
Theoretical combined stress had a greater negative yield impact on elite wheat varieties.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- wheat varietiese0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- greater negative impacte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The theoretical multifactorial stress has a greater negative impact on the yield of the elite maize and wheat varieties.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding a stress factor increased theoretical combined-stress intensity on maize grain yield, especially in maize.
- Treatment
- stressful environmental factore0
- Outcome
- intensity of multifactorial stress on grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sum of a stressful environmental factor increases the intensity of multifactorial stress on grain yield of both cereal crops, especially for maize crop.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding a stress factor increased theoretical combined-stress intensity on wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- stressful environmental factore0
- Outcome
- intensity of multifactorial stress on grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sum of a stressful environmental factor increases the intensity of multifactorial stress on grain yield of both cereal crops, especially for maize crop.”
e1“maize and wheat crops exposed to soil salinity”
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