Abstract
ABSTRACT Weed control is a challenge in crop management due to the limited number of registered herbicides, especially for preemergent application. This study aimed to investigate the selectivity of pre-emergent herbicides with different mechanisms of action for wheat. The experiment consisted of two stages: the first involved screening under greenhouse conditions, and the second assessing the selected treatments under field conditions, with a focus on crop yield. Plant phytointoxication, crop stand, and shoot dry weight were assessed in the greenhouse experiment, and tillering, crop stand, plant height, canopy closure, yield, 1000-grain weight, and hectoliter weight in the field. Under greenhouse conditions, [imazapic + imazapyr], pendimethalin, isoxaflutole, florpyrauxifen, and halosulfuron-methyl produced the best results and were selected for the field experiment. Florpyrauxifen was the only herbicide that was selective both in greenhouse and field experiments. Isoxaflutole and trifluralin did not damage wheat in any of the field evaluations. Despite reducing crop performance in some assessments, pendimethalin and flumioxazin provided yield, hectoliter weight, and 1000-grain weight results equivalent to the herbicide-free control. Florpyrauxifen (1.08 g ha-1) was the most promising herbicide. Trifluralin (900 g ha-1), pendimethalin (1750 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (60 g ha-1), and flumioxazin (40 and 60 g ha-1) also produced grain yields equivalent to the control without herbicide.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Florpyrauxifen was selective in greenhouse and field experiments.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Florpyrauxifene0
- Outcome
- selective both in greenhouse and field experimentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Florpyrauxifen was the only herbicide that was selective both in greenhouse and field experiments”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoxaflutole did not damage wheat in field evaluations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Isoxaflutolee0
- Outcome
- damage wheate0
- Direction
- did not damagee0
- Setting
- field evaluationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isoxaflutole and trifluralin did not damage wheat in any of the field evaluations”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin did not damage wheat in field evaluations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- trifluraline0
- Outcome
- damage wheate0
- Direction
- did not damagee0
- Setting
- field evaluationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isoxaflutole and trifluralin did not damage wheat in any of the field evaluations”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin produced yield and grain-weight measures equivalent to the herbicide-free control despite some crop-performance reductions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pendimethaline0
- Outcome
- yield, hectoliter weight, and 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Qualifier
- reducing crop performance in some assessmentse0
- Comparator
- herbicide-free controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Despite reducing crop performance in some assessments, pendimethalin and flumioxazin provided yield, hectoliter weight, and 1000-grain weight results equivalent to the herbicide-free control”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin produced yield and grain-weight measures equivalent to the herbicide-free control despite some crop-performance reductions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- flumioxazine0
- Outcome
- yield, hectoliter weight, and 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Qualifier
- reducing crop performance in some assessmentse0
- Comparator
- herbicide-free controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Despite reducing crop performance in some assessments, pendimethalin and flumioxazin provided yield, hectoliter weight, and 1000-grain weight results equivalent to the herbicide-free control”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Florpyrauxifen at 1.08 g ha-1 was deemed the most promising herbicide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Florpyrauxifen (1.08 g ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- most promising herbicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Florpyrauxifen (1.08 g ha-1) was the most promising herbicide”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin at 900 g ha-1 produced grain yield equivalent to no herbicide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Trifluralin (900 g ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- control without herbicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin (900 g ha-1), pendimethalin (1750 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (60 g ha-1), and flumioxazin (40 and 60 g ha-1) also produced grain yields equivalent to the control without herbicide”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin at 1750 g ha-1 produced grain yield equivalent to no herbicide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin (1750 g ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- control without herbicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin (900 g ha-1), pendimethalin (1750 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (60 g ha-1), and flumioxazin (40 and 60 g ha-1) also produced grain yields equivalent to the control without herbicide”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoxaflutole at 60 g ha-1 produced grain yield equivalent to no herbicide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- isoxaflutole (60 g ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- control without herbicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin (900 g ha-1), pendimethalin (1750 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (60 g ha-1), and flumioxazin (40 and 60 g ha-1) also produced grain yields equivalent to the control without herbicide”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin at 40 and 60 g ha-1 produced grain yield equivalent to no herbicide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- flumioxazin (40 and 60 g ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- control without herbicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin (900 g ha-1), pendimethalin (1750 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (60 g ha-1), and flumioxazin (40 and 60 g ha-1) also produced grain yields equivalent to the control without herbicide”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Five herbicides gave the best greenhouse screening results and were selected for field evaluation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- produced the best results and were selected for the field experimente0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under greenhouse conditions, [imazapic + imazapyr], pendimethalin, isoxaflutole, florpyrauxifen, and halosulfuron-methyl produced the best results and were selected for the field experiment”
t0“wheat”
The same questions in other papers
trifluralin · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →pendimethalin · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
62 papers more in this group
See all 66 papers →trifluralin · pest · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
flumioxazin · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.