Abstract
Background: Weed infestation causes serious problem in the corn production and due to limiting land area different planting patterns are required to be adopted to meet the corn demand. A field trail was conducted during spring 2023 and 2024 on agricultural farm of Lovely Professional University, Punjab on “The effect of planting patterns and weed control treatments on weed biomass, growth and yield of spring maize (Zea mays L.). Methods: The study was laid out in split plot design with 3 planting methods i.e. flat planting with single row, flat sowing with paired row and ridge planting as main plots and five weed control treatments that is atrazine + pendimethalin f. b. straw mulching (6t ha-1), pendimethalin + intercropping cowpea f. b. earthing up and straw mulching, inter. dhaincha f. b. earthing up + straw mulching, two hand weeding and unweeded (control) in sub plots with four replications. Variety PMH10 was used is recommended for the spring season under Punjab conditions. Result: The results indicated that among the planting patterns, the ridge planting produced significantly higher grain yield during both the years as compared to flat sowing with single row and paired row which was due to better growth parameters in ridge sowing. However, the weed biomass was found significantly less in the ridge planting compared to flat planting. Among subplot treatments, the higher grain yield was obtained in treatments that are pendimethalin + intercropping of cowpea f. b. earthing up + straw mulching and intercropping dhaincha f. b. earthing up + straw mulching which were statistically at par with one another during 2023 and 2024 and both treatments were found to be significantly better than all other treatments. The grain yield was significantly less in the unweeded (control) treatment as compared to other treatments. The weed density and biomass was significantly less in the treatments in which mulching was used as compared to two hand weeding and the control treatments.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Ridge planting produced significantly higher maize grain yield than flat sowing with single or paired rows in both years.
- Treatment
- ridge plantinge0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- both the yearse0
- Comparator
- flat sowing with single row and paired rowe0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ridge planting produced significantly higher grain yield during both the years as compared to flat sowing with single row and paired row”
e1“spring maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ridge planting had significantly less weed biomass than flat planting.
- Treatment
- ridge plantinge0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- flat plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the weed biomass was found significantly less in the ridge planting compared to flat planting”
e1“spring maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin plus cowpea intercropping, earthing up, and straw mulching gave higher grain yield than the other treatments except the dhaincha treatment.
- Treatment
- pendimethalin + intercropping of cowpea f. b. earthing up + straw mulchinge0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher grain yield was obtained in treatments that are pendimethalin + intercropping of cowpea f. b. earthing up + straw mulching and intercropping dhaincha f. b. earthing up + straw mulching which were statistically at par with one another during 2023 and 2024 and both treatments were found to be significantly better than all other treatments”
e1“spring maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dhaincha intercropping with earthing up and straw mulching gave higher grain yield than the other treatments except the cowpea treatment.
- Treatment
- intercropping dhaincha f. b. earthing up + straw mulchinge0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher grain yield was obtained in treatments that are pendimethalin + intercropping of cowpea f. b. earthing up + straw mulching and intercropping dhaincha f. b. earthing up + straw mulching which were statistically at par with one another during 2023 and 2024 and both treatments were found to be significantly better than all other treatments”
e1“spring maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The cowpea and dhaincha treatments had statistically similar grain yield.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which were statistically at par with one another during 2023 and 2024”
e1“pendimethalin + intercropping of cowpea f. b. earthing up + straw mulching and intercropping dhaincha f. b. earthing up + straw mulching”
e2“spring maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Unweeded control had significantly less grain yield than other treatments.
- Treatment
- unweeded (control) treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield was significantly less in the unweeded (control) treatment as compared to other treatments.”
e1“spring maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching treatments had significantly less weed density than two hand weeding and control.
- Treatment
- treatments in which mulching was usede0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- two hand weeding and the control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weed density and biomass was significantly less in the treatments in which mulching was used as compared to two hand weeding and the control treatments.”
e1“spring maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching treatments had significantly less weed biomass than two hand weeding and control.
- Treatment
- treatments in which mulching was usede0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- two hand weeding and the control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weed density and biomass was significantly less in the treatments in which mulching was used as compared to two hand weeding and the control treatments.”
e1“spring maize (Zea mays L.)”
The same questions in other papers
pendimethalin · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
50 papers more in this group
See all 54 papers →Vigna unguiculata · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
123 papers more in this group
See all 127 papers →mulching · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
47 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
51 papers more in this group
See all 55 papers →mulching · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
121 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
136 papers more in this group
See all 140 papers →organic · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
329 papers in the same direction as this paper · 32 in the opposite direction · 11 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
369 papers more in this group
See all 373 papers →intercropping · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
612 papers in the same direction as this paper · 181 in the opposite direction · 40 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
830 papers more in this group
See all 834 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.