Abstract
Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is a devastating disease of potato. Our previous work illustrated that scopolamine, the main bioactive substance of Datura extract, exerts direct inhibitory effects on P. infestans, but it is unclear whether scopolamine and Datura extract can boost resistance to late blight in potato. In this study, P. infestans is used to infect scopolamine-treated potato pieces and leaves, as well as whole potatoes. We found that scopolamine-treated potato is resistant to P. infestans both in vitro and in vivo. The treatment of 4.5 g/L scopolamine reduces the lesion size of whole potato to 54% compared with the control after 20 d of the infection of P. infestans. The disease-resistant substance detection based on the kit method shows that scopolamine triggers the upregulation of polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, and H2O2 contents in potato tubers, and the decline of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and catalase activity. A total of 1682 significantly differentially expressed genes were detected with or without scopolamine treatment through high-throughput transcriptome sequencing and the DESeq2 software (version 1.24.0), including 705 upregulated and 977 downregulated genes. Scopolamine may affect the genes functioning in the cell wall, membrane and the plant-pathogen interaction. The addition of Datura extract could directly inhibit the mycelial growth of P. infestans on rye plate medium. In addition, P. infestans was found to be resistant to late blight in potato pieces treated with Datura extract. Datura extract can also be utilized in combination with the chemical fungicide Infinito in field experiments to lessen late blight symptoms and enhance potato yield. To our knowledge, this is the first study to detect the induction of disease resistance by scopolamine, and it also explores the feasibility of Datura extract in potato disease resistance.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Scopolamine-treated potato resisted P. infestans in vitro and in vivo.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- scopolamine-treatede0
- Interactor
- P. infestans
Phytophthora infestanse0pathogen - Outcome
- resistant to P. infestanse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“scopolamine-treated potato is resistant to P. infestans both in vitro and in vivo”
Claim · model-written summary
4.5 g/L scopolamine reduced whole-potato lesion size to 54% of control after 20 d.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- 4.5 g/L scopolaminee0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- lesion size of whole potatoe0
- Direction
- reducese0
- Value
- 54%e0
- Qualifier
- after 20 de0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment of 4.5 g/L scopolamine reduces the lesion size of whole potato to 54% compared with the control after 20 d of the infection of P. infestans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Scopolamine raised polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in potato tubers.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- potato tuberse0
- Treatment
- scopolaminee0
- Outcome
- polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activitiese0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“scopolamine triggers the upregulation of polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, and H2O2 contents in potato tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
Scopolamine raised H2O2 contents in potato tubers.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- potato tuberse0
- Treatment
- scopolaminee0
- Outcome
- H2O2 contentse0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“scopolamine triggers the upregulation of polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, and H2O2 contents in potato tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
Scopolamine lowered phenylalanine ammonia lyase and catalase activity.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- scopolaminee1
- Outcome
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase and catalase activitye0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the decline of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and catalase activity”
e1“scopolamine triggers the upregulation”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Scopolamine treatment was associated with 705 upregulated genes.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- scopolamine treatmente1
- Outcome
- upregulatede0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
- Value
- 705e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“including 705 upregulated and 977 downregulated genes”
e1“with or without scopolamine treatment”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Scopolamine treatment was associated with 977 downregulated genes.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- scopolamine treatmente1
- Outcome
- downregulated genese0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
- Value
- 977e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“including 705 upregulated and 977 downregulated genes”
e1“with or without scopolamine treatment”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Scopolamine may affect genes involved in the cell wall, membrane and plant-pathogen interaction.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Scopolaminee0
- Outcome
- genes functioning in the cell wall, membrane and the plant-pathogen interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Scopolamine may affect the genes functioning in the cell wall, membrane and the plant-pathogen interaction.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Datura extract directly inhibited P. infestans mycelial growth on rye plates.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- addition of Datura extracte0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial growth of P. infestanse0
- Direction
- inhibite0
- Setting
- rye plate mediume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of Datura extract could directly inhibit the mycelial growth of P. infestans on rye plate medium.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The text reports resistance in Datura-treated potato pieces.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Datura extracte0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistant to late blighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. infestans was found to be resistant to late blight in potato pieces treated with Datura extract.”
Claim · model-written summary
Datura extract with Infinito lessened late blight symptoms in field experiments.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Datura extract can also be utilized in combination with the chemical fungicide Infinitoe0
- Outcome
- late blight symptomse0
- Direction
- lessene0
- Setting
- field experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Datura extract can also be utilized in combination with the chemical fungicide Infinito in field experiments to lessen late blight symptoms and enhance potato yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Datura extract with Infinito enhanced potato yield in field experiments.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Datura extract can also be utilized in combination with the chemical fungicide Infinitoe0
- Outcome
- potato yielde0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Setting
- field experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Datura extract can also be utilized in combination with the chemical fungicide Infinito in field experiments to lessen late blight symptoms and enhance potato yield.”
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