Abstract
Biofortification of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) by foliar application of growth regulators and agrochemicals is a potential method to improve crop yield and oil quality. The effects of boron, sulfur, and cytokinin on physiological and biochemical processes, including photosynthesis, nutrient assimilation, and assimilate partitioning, were determined. Physicochemical properties, such as density, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (p-AV), and totox value of mustard oils were studied to evaluate the compositional quality of oils and also to investigate the effect of agrochemicals on quality attributes of the oil. These applications significantly improved the oil quality of mustard by enhancing oil content and modifying fatty acid composition. Boron increased oil content by 15-20%, while sulfur and cytokinin contributed 10-15 and 5-10%, respectively, compared to controls. These treatments also improved the fatty acid profile, with boron and sulfur boosting oleic acid levels by 8-12% and reducing erucic acid content by 10-15%, resulting in a healthier oil composition. Increased saponification, peroxide, and p-AVs along with refractive index and oil density by 66.66, 33.33, 19.35, 0.14, and 0.11%, respectively, suggested the improved oil quality. Combining B, S, and cytokinin at various doses (P < 0.05) improved the quality parameters of mustard oil. Such improved elements provide significant advantages for industrial and consumable uses. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in this study revealed biochemical shifts, such as increased lipid and protein synthesis, directly influencing oil quality and yield. These findings underscore the potential of strategic foliar interventions to optimize mustard cultivation while ensuring efficient resource use.. KEYWORDS :Agrochemicals, Biochemicals, Mustard, Micronutrient, Oil analysis, Phytohormone, Zero hunger
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Boron increased oil content by 15-20% relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Indian mustard
Brassica junceae0 - Treatment
- Borone1
- Outcome
- oil contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 15-20%e1
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Boron increased oil content by 15-20%, while sulfur and cytokinin contributed 10-15 and 5-10%, respectively, compared to controls”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur increased oil content by 10-15% relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- sulfure1
- Outcome
- oil contente1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 10-15e1
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Boron increased oil content by 15-20%, while sulfur and cytokinin contributed 10-15 and 5-10%, respectively, compared to controls”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin increased oil content by 5-10% relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- cytokinine1
- Outcome
- oil contente1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 5-10%e1
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Boron increased oil content by 15-20%, while sulfur and cytokinin contributed 10-15 and 5-10%, respectively, compared to controls”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron boosted oleic acid levels by 8-12% relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- borone2
- Outcome
- oleic acid levelse2
- Direction
- boostinge2
- Value
- 8-12%e2
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“These treatments also improved the fatty acid profile, with boron and sulfur boosting oleic acid levels by 8-12% and reducing erucic acid content by 10-15%”
e1“Boron increased oil content by 15-20%, while sulfur and cytokinin contributed 10-15 and 5-10%, respectively, compared to controls”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur boosted oleic acid levels by 8-12% relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- sulfure2
- Outcome
- oleic acid levelse2
- Direction
- boostinge2
- Value
- 8-12%e2
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“These treatments also improved the fatty acid profile, with boron and sulfur boosting oleic acid levels by 8-12% and reducing erucic acid content by 10-15%”
e1“Boron increased oil content by 15-20%, while sulfur and cytokinin contributed 10-15 and 5-10%, respectively, compared to controls”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron reduced erucic acid content by 10-15% relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- borone2
- Outcome
- erucic acid contente2
- Direction
- reducinge2
- Value
- 10-15%e2
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“These treatments also improved the fatty acid profile, with boron and sulfur boosting oleic acid levels by 8-12% and reducing erucic acid content by 10-15%”
e1“Boron increased oil content by 15-20%, while sulfur and cytokinin contributed 10-15 and 5-10%, respectively, compared to controls”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur reduced erucic acid content by 10-15% relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- sulfure2
- Outcome
- erucic acid contente2
- Direction
- reducinge2
- Value
- 10-15%e2
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“These treatments also improved the fatty acid profile, with boron and sulfur boosting oleic acid levels by 8-12% and reducing erucic acid content by 10-15%”
e1“Boron increased oil content by 15-20%, while sulfur and cytokinin contributed 10-15 and 5-10%, respectively, compared to controls”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined boron, sulfur and cytokinin at various doses significantly improved quality parameters of mustard oil.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- Combining B, S, and cytokinin at various dosese3
- Outcome
- quality parameters of mustard oile3
- Direction
- improvede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Combining B, S, and cytokinin at various doses (P < 0.05) improved the quality parameters of mustard oil”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Saponification value increased by 66.66 in the treated mustard oil.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Outcome
- saponificatione4
- Direction
- Increasede4
- Value
- 66.66e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Increased saponification, peroxide, and p-AVs along with refractive index and oil density by 66.66, 33.33, 19.35, 0.14, and 0.11%, respectively, suggested the improved oil quality”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Peroxide value increased by 33.33 in the treated mustard oil.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Outcome
- peroxidee4
- Direction
- Increasede4
- Value
- 33.33e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Increased saponification, peroxide, and p-AVs along with refractive index and oil density by 66.66, 33.33, 19.35, 0.14, and 0.11%, respectively, suggested the improved oil quality”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
p-anisidine value increased by 19.35 in the treated mustard oil.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Outcome
- p-AVse4
- Direction
- Increasede4
- Value
- 19.35e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Increased saponification, peroxide, and p-AVs along with refractive index and oil density by 66.66, 33.33, 19.35, 0.14, and 0.11%, respectively, suggested the improved oil quality”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Refractive index increased by 0.14 in the treated mustard oil.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Outcome
- refractive indexe4
- Direction
- Increasede4
- Value
- 0.14e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Increased saponification, peroxide, and p-AVs along with refractive index and oil density by 66.66, 33.33, 19.35, 0.14, and 0.11%, respectively, suggested the improved oil quality”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil density increased by 0.11 in the treated mustard oil.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Outcome
- oil densitye4
- Direction
- Increasede4
- Value
- 0.11e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Increased saponification, peroxide, and p-AVs along with refractive index and oil density by 66.66, 33.33, 19.35, 0.14, and 0.11%, respectively, suggested the improved oil quality”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
FTIR revealed biochemical shifts, including increased lipid and protein synthesis, that directly influence oil quality and yield.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Outcome
- oil quality and yielde5
- Qualifier
- increased lipid and protein synthesise5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in this study revealed biochemical shifts, such as increased lipid and protein synthesis, directly influencing oil quality and yield”
e0“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)”
The same questions in other papers
sulfur atom · quality: oil · Brassica juncea (Indian mustard)Results differ
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →boron atom · molecular: metabolites · Brassica juncea (Indian mustard)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
boron atom · quality: oil · Brassica juncea (Indian mustard)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
sulfur atom · molecular: metabolites · Brassica juncea (Indian mustard)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.