Abstract
Introduction. Environmental factors that limit the growth and development of planting material in the dry steppe and semi - desert are low precipitation, summer droughts, high evaporation, and alkalinity of the soil. The applied agricultural technology often does not provide optimal environmental conditions for rooting of seedlings. In order to eliminate the shortcomings of the existing technology for growing planting material, polymeric materials are of interest that can create optimal conditions for retaining moisture in the soil, enhance growth and increase the resistance of seedlings and saplings to adverse environmental conditions. Materials and methods. Experiments to study the effect of hydrogels and film on the rooting of cuttings were laid out on light chestnut, heavy loamy soil with a humus content of 0.2-0.3% (coordinates of the experimental plot 48.6482, 44.4354). The following options were included in the experiment: I - hydrogel + film; II - film; III - hydrogel; IV - control. Dry granules of SPG were scattered evenly over the surface at the rate of 100 g/m2 and embedded together with fertilizers in a 0-30 cm soil layer (options I and III). After harrowing, the soil surface in options I and II was covered with a black water - permeable film. Results. In conditions of flat relief, cuttings should be planted on clean or green manure fallow, where the soil is freed from weeds. However, in heavily weeded areas, it is not possible to completely get rid of weeds. A particularly large number of weeds in the experiments was found in options without film coverage: white amaranth (Amaranthusalbus L.), wild oats (Avenafatua L.), shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa - pastoris (L.) Medik.), creeping wheatgrass (Elytrigiarepens L.) Desv.exNevski). In the variants with film mulch, weeds are almost absent throughout the growing season. Under the protection of the film, more lateral roots appear throughout the underground part of the cuttings, the root system is highly branched. It has been established that the mulching film not only suppresses the growth of weeds, but also, together with the hydrogel, improves the hydrothermal and air regimes of the soil. Cutting seedlings growing against the background of hydrogels and film have a higher water - holding capacity and leaf hydration compared to the control, which increases their resistance to drought. Discussion. When cutting willows and poplars in open ground, under the influence of hydrogel and black water - permeable film, the rooting of cuttings significantly increases, the development of root systems improves, and the growth rate of shoots increases. By the end of the growing season, the willow and poplar cuttings rooted under the action of gels and films significantly surpassed in their development the cutting seedlings growing in the control. When dug up, some of the swollen hydrogel granules are firmly retained on the roots, which reduce stress during storage, transportation and planting of plants and contribute to good survival of seedlings. Conclusion. It was revealed that the use of hydrogels allows, by increasing the moisture capacity of light soils, reducing the bulk density of heavy soils, reducing evapotranspiration, to reduce irrigation rates by 20-40%, reduce nutrient losses and fertilizer consumption by preventing their leaching from the soil. It was confirmed that mulching films prevent the formation of a soil crust, eliminate the need for soil loosening, preserve its structure, and reduce crop care costs. The introduction of hydrogels into the arable soil horizon a year before planting allows for the accumulation of precipitation moisture and the creation of an optimal water and air regime for the growth of seedlings. Abstract. The article presents the results of the application of an original resource - saving technology in the cultivation of tree species valuable for forest reclamation and landscaping in an experimental nursery located on a flat landscape of light chestnut soils in an arid region. Proposals for practical application and directions for future research. The research results may be useful in the cultivation of tree seedlings in conditions of limited moisture in the dry steppe.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogel and film significantly increased rooting of willow and poplar cuttings.
- Treatment
- hydrogel and black water - permeable filme1
- Outcome
- rooting of cuttingse1
- Direction
- increasese1
Populus
SalixNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When cutting willows and poplars in open ground, under the influence of hydrogel and black water - permeable film, the rooting of cuttings significantly increases”
t0“growing woody species”
Claim · model-written summary
Willow and poplar cuttings grown with gels and films significantly surpassed control cuttings in development.
Verbatim
e4“By the end of the growing season, the willow and poplar cuttings rooted under the action of gels and films significantly surpassed in their development the cutting seedlings growing in the control”
t0“growing woody species”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching film significantly suppressed the growth of weeds in the seedling nursery.
- Taxon
- woody speciest0
- Treatment
- mulching filme5
- Interactor
- weedse5weed
- Outcome
- growth of weedse5
- Direction
- suppressese5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e5“It has been established that the mulching film not only suppresses the growth of weeds”
t0“growing woody species”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogel together with film improved the hydrothermal and air regimes of the soil.
- Taxon
- woody speciest0
- Treatment
- hydrogele6
- Outcome
- hydrothermal and air regimes of the soile6
- Direction
- improvese6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“together with the hydrogel, improves the hydrothermal and air regimes of the soil”
t0“growing woody species”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting seedlings grown with hydrogels and film had higher water-holding capacity and leaf hydration than the control.
Verbatim
e7“Cutting seedlings growing against the background of hydrogels and film have a higher water - holding capacity and leaf hydration compared to the control, which increases their resistance to drought”
t0“growing woody species”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogels and film are associated with increased resistance of cutting seedlings to drought, according to the authors.
Verbatim
e7“Cutting seedlings growing against the background of hydrogels and film have a higher water - holding capacity and leaf hydration compared to the control, which increases their resistance to drought”
t0“growing woody species”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth rate of willow and poplar shoots increased under hydrogel and film treatment.
- Treatment
- hydrogel and black water - permeable filme1
- Outcome
- growth rate of shootse3
- Direction
- increasese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When cutting willows and poplars in open ground, under the influence of hydrogel and black water - permeable film, the rooting of cuttings significantly increases”
e3“the growth rate of shoots increases”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogel and film improved the development of root systems of willow and poplar cuttings.
- Treatment
- hydrogel and black water - permeable filme1
- Outcome
- development of root systemse2
- Direction
- improvese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When cutting willows and poplars in open ground, under the influence of hydrogel and black water - permeable film, the rooting of cuttings significantly increases”
e2“the development of root systems improves”
Claim · model-written summary
Using hydrogels reduced the irrigation rates needed for the seedlings by 20-40%.
- Taxon
- woody speciest0
- Treatment
- the use of hydrogelse1
- Outcome
- irrigation ratese2
- Direction
- reducee2
- Value
- 20-40%e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“the use of hydrogels allows”
e2“to reduce irrigation rates by 20-40%”
t0“growing woody species”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching films prevent the formation of a soil crust.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“It was confirmed that mulching films prevent the formation of a soil crust”
t0“growing woody species”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogel use reduced nutrient losses and fertilizer consumption.
- Taxon
- woody speciest0
- Treatment
- the use of hydrogelse1
- Outcome
- nutrient losses and fertilizer consumptione2
- Direction
- reducee2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“the use of hydrogels allows”
e2“reduce nutrient losses and fertilizer consumption by preventing their leaching from the soil”
t0“growing woody species”
The same questions in other papers
other · growth · Salix (willows)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
other · growth · Populus (poplar)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.