Abstract
Soil amendments combined with low cadmium (Cd)-accumulating crops are commonly used for remediating Cd contamination and ensuring food safety. However, the combined effects of soil amendments and the cultivation of faba beans (Vicia faba L.)—known for their high nutritional quality and low Cd accumulation—in moderately Cd-contaminated soils remain underexplored. This study investigates the impact of a soil amendment (SA) on agronomic traits, seed nutrition, and Cd accumulation in 11 faba bean genotypes grown in acidic soil (1.3 mg·kg−1 Cd, pH 5.39). The SA treatment increased soil pH to 6.0 (an 11.31% increase) and reduced DTPA-Cd by 37.1%. Although the average yield of faba beans decreased marginally by 8.74%, it remained within the 10% national permissible limit. Notably, SA treatment reduced Cd concentration in seeds by 60% and significantly mitigated Mn and Al toxicity. Additionally, SA treatment enhanced levels of essential macronutrients (Ca, Mg, P, S) and micronutrients (Mo, Cu) while lowering Phytate (Phy)/Ca, Phy/Mg, and Phy/P ratios, thus improving mineral nutrient bioavailability. Among the genotypes, F3, F5, and F6 showed the most favorable balance of nutrient quality, and yield following SA application. This study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of SA for nutrient fortification and Cd contamination mitigation in Cd-contaminated farmland.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amendment raised soil pH to 6.0 by 11.31%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The SA treatment increased soil pH to 6.0 (an 11.31% increase) and reduced DTPA-Cd by 37.1%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amendment reduced DTPA-Cd by 37.1%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The SA treatment increased soil pH to 6.0 (an 11.31% increase) and reduced DTPA-Cd by 37.1%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Average faba bean yield decreased 8.74% after amendment.
- Taxon
- faba beans
Vicia fabae0 - Treatment
- Soil Amendmentt0
- Outcome
- average yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 8.74%e0
- Qualifier
- within the 10% national permissible limite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although the average yield of faba beans decreased marginally by 8.74%, it remained within the 10% national permissible limit.”
t0“Soil Amendment”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amendment reduced seed Cd concentration by 60%.
- Taxon
- Faba BeanVicia fabat0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Treatment
- SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- Cd concentration in seedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA treatment reduced Cd concentration in seeds by 60% and significantly mitigated Mn and Al toxicity.”
t0“Faba Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amendment significantly mitigated Mn and Al toxicity.
- Taxon
- Faba BeanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- Mn and Al toxicitye0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA treatment reduced Cd concentration in seeds by 60% and significantly mitigated Mn and Al toxicity.”
t0“Faba Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Amendment raised Ca, Mg and P levels.
- Taxon
- Faba BeanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- levels of essential macronutrients (Ca, Mg, P, S)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA treatment enhanced levels of essential macronutrients (Ca, Mg, P, S) and micronutrients (Mo, Cu) while lowering Phytate (Phy)/Ca, Phy/Mg, and Phy/P ratios”
t0“Faba Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Amendment raised Mo and Cu levels.
- Taxon
- Faba BeanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- micronutrients (Mo, Cu)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA treatment enhanced levels of essential macronutrients (Ca, Mg, P, S) and micronutrients (Mo, Cu) while lowering Phytate (Phy)/Ca, Phy/Mg, and Phy/P ratios”
t0“Faba Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Amendment lowered phytate to mineral ratios.
- Taxon
- Faba BeanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- Phytate (Phy)/Ca, Phy/Mg, and Phy/P ratiose0
- Direction
- loweringe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA treatment enhanced levels of essential macronutrients (Ca, Mg, P, S) and micronutrients (Mo, Cu) while lowering Phytate (Phy)/Ca, Phy/Mg, and Phy/P ratios”
t0“Faba Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes F3, F5 and F6 had the most favorable nutrient-quality and yield balance after amendment.
- Taxon
- Faba BeanVicia fabat0
- Material
- F3, F5, and F6e0
- Treatment
- SA applicatione0
- Outcome
- balance of nutrient quality, and yielde0
- Direction
- most favorablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the genotypes, F3, F5, and F6 showed the most favorable balance of nutrient quality, and yield following SA application.”
t0“Faba Bean”
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