Abstract
Molybdenum (Mo) is widely used as a micronutrient fertilizer to improve plant growth and soil quality. However, the interactions between cell wall biosynthesis and molybdenum have not been explored sufficiently. This study thoroughly investigated the regulatory effects of different concentrations of Mo on tobacco cell wall biosynthesis from physiological and metabolomic aspects. The results indicate that Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326. Moreover, it significantly up-regulated the gene expression levels of molybdases (NR, AO, SO, XDH) and molybdate transporters in tobacco, whereby the gene expression levels of NR were upregulated by 28.48%, 52.51%, 173.05%, and 246.21%, respectively; and MOT1 and MOT2 were upregulated by 21.49/8.67%, 66.05/30.44%, 93.05/93.26%, and 166.11/114.29%, respectively. Additionally, Mo treatment regulated the synthesis of related enzymes, effectively promoted plant growth, and significantly increased biomass and dry matter accumulation, with the biomass in the leaves increasing significantly by 30.73%, 40.72%, 46.34%, and 12.88%, respectively. The FT-NIR spectroscopy results indicate that after Mo was applied to the soil, the quantity of C-O-C, -COOH, C-H, and N-H functional groups increased. Concurrently, the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protopectin, and soluble pectin in the leaves significantly increased, wherein the content of soluble pectin and hemicellulose increased significantly by 31.01/288.82%, 40.69/343.43%, 69.93/241.73%, and 196.88/223.26%, respectively. Furthermore, the cell walls thickened, increasing the ability of the plant to withstand disturbances. The metabolic network diagrams indicate that Mo regulated galactose metabolism, and arginine and proline acid biosynthesis. The contents of carbohydrates, spermidine, proline, quinic acid, IAA, flavonoids, and other substances were increased, increasing the levels of polysaccharides and pectin within the cell wall, controlling lignin production, and successfully enhancing resistance to abiotic stress. These results offer important perspectives for further investigations into the role of trace elements.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume1 - Material
- K326e1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Outcome
- Mo contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment significantly up-regulated the expression of molybdase genes (NR, AO, SO, XDH) and molybdate transporter genes in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Gene
- molybdases (NR, AO, SO, XDH)e2
- Outcome
- gene expression levelse2
- Direction
- up-regulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e2“it significantly up-regulated the gene expression levels of molybdases (NR, AO, SO, XDH) and molybdate transporters in tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment raised NR expression by 28.48%, 52.51%, 173.05% and 246.21%, respectively.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Gene
- NRe3
- Outcome
- gene expression levelse3
- Direction
- upregulatede3
- Value
- 28.48%, 52.51%, 173.05%, and 246.21%e3
- Qualifier
- respectivelye3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e3“the gene expression levels of NR were upregulated by 28.48%, 52.51%, 173.05%, and 246.21%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment raised MOT1 and MOT2 expression by 21.49/8.67%, 66.05/30.44%, 93.05/93.26% and 166.11/114.29%, respectively.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Gene
- MOT1 and MOT2e4
- Outcome
- gene expression levelse2
- Direction
- upregulatede4
- Value
- 21.49/8.67%, 66.05/30.44%, 93.05/93.26%, and 166.11/114.29%e4
- Qualifier
- respectivelye4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e2“it significantly up-regulated the gene expression levels of molybdases (NR, AO, SO, XDH) and molybdate transporters in tobacco”
e4“MOT1 and MOT2 were upregulated by 21.49/8.67%, 66.05/30.44%, 93.05/93.26%, and 166.11/114.29%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment effectively promoted tobacco plant growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente5
- Outcome
- plant growthe5
- Direction
- promotede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e5“Mo treatment regulated the synthesis of related enzymes, effectively promoted plant growth, and significantly increased biomass and dry matter accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment significantly increased biomass and dry matter accumulation in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente5
- Outcome
- biomass and dry matter accumulatione5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e5“Mo treatment regulated the synthesis of related enzymes, effectively promoted plant growth, and significantly increased biomass and dry matter accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment increased leaf biomass significantly by 30.73%, 40.72%, 46.34% and 12.88%, respectively.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Organ / stage
- leavese6
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Outcome
- biomass in the leavese6
- Direction
- increasinge6
- Value
- 30.73%, 40.72%, 46.34%, and 12.88%e6
- Qualifier
- respectivelye6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e6“with the biomass in the leaves increasing significantly by 30.73%, 40.72%, 46.34%, and 12.88%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment regulated the synthesis of related enzymes in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente5
- Outcome
- synthesis of related enzymese5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e5“Mo treatment regulated the synthesis of related enzymes, effectively promoted plant growth, and significantly increased biomass and dry matter accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying Mo to the soil increased the quantity of C-O-C, -COOH, C-H and N-H functional groups, according to FT-NIR spectroscopy.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo was applied to the soile7
- Outcome
- quantity of C-O-C, -COOH, C-H, and N-H functional groupse7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e7“after Mo was applied to the soil, the quantity of C-O-C, -COOH, C-H, and N-H functional groups increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment significantly increased the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in tobacco leaves.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Outcome
- contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protopectin, and soluble pectin in the leaves significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment significantly increased the contents of protopectin and soluble pectin in tobacco leaves.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Outcome
- protopectin, and soluble pectine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protopectin, and soluble pectin in the leaves significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment increased soluble pectin and hemicellulose by 31.01/288.82%, 40.69/343.43%, 69.93/241.73% and 196.88/223.26%, respectively.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Outcome
- content of soluble pectin and hemicellulosee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 31.01/288.82%, 40.69/343.43%, 69.93/241.73%, and 196.88/223.26%e0
- Qualifier
- respectivelye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“wherein the content of soluble pectin and hemicellulose increased significantly by 31.01/288.82%, 40.69/343.43%, 69.93/241.73%, and 196.88/223.26%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment thickened the cell walls of tobacco leaves, increasing the plant ability to withstand disturbances.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Outcome
- cell walls thickenede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“the cell walls thickened, increasing the ability of the plant to withstand disturbances”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo regulated galactose metabolism and arginine and proline acid biosynthesis in tobacco, as indicated by metabolic network diagrams.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Moe0
- Outcome
- galactose metabolism, and arginine and proline acid biosynthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“The metabolic network diagrams indicate that Mo regulated galactose metabolism, and arginine and proline acid biosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
The contents of carbohydrates, spermidine and proline were increased under Mo treatment.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Outcome
- carbohydrates, spermidine, prolinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“The contents of carbohydrates, spermidine, proline, quinic acid, IAA, flavonoids, and other substances were increased”
Claim · model-written summary
The contents of quinic acid, IAA and flavonoids were increased under Mo treatment.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Outcome
- quinic acid, IAA, flavonoidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“The contents of carbohydrates, spermidine, proline, quinic acid, IAA, flavonoids, and other substances were increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo increased the levels of polysaccharides and pectin within the cell wall.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Moe1
- Outcome
- levels of polysaccharides and pectine0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“increasing the levels of polysaccharides and pectin within the cell wall”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo controlled lignin production in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Moe1
- Outcome
- lignin productione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“controlling lignin production”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo treatment enhanced tobacco resistance to abiotic stress.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Mo treatmente1
- Outcome
- resistance to abiotic stresse0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mo treatment increased the Mo content of tobacco variety K326”
e0“successfully enhancing resistance to abiotic stress”
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