Abstract
Abstract Rice is traditionally cultivated worldwide under continuous flooding irrigation. However, in Mediterranean environments, there has recently been a decline in the area of rice cultivation in several producing regions where water supplies for this crop cannot always be guaranteed. Therefore, it is necessary to identify alternative crop management strategies that improve water-use efficiency in order to ensure the sustainability of rice production. It has been postulated that rice production under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation requires less water than flooding. However, the effects of the AWD system on rice yield components remain unclear, with different trends observed. It has been suggested that the soil properties are a crucial factor in this regard. In fact, drops in rice yields under AWD have been attributed to the low soil organic matter content. Consequently, the incorporation of organic amendments could offset this organic matter deficit, and the subsequent enhancement in rice productivity might also ensure its sustainability in areas where water availability is scarce. This study is the first to analyse how the soils properties, rice yields components, and water productivity were influenced by fresh and field aged biochar applied to rice soils under conventional flooding and AWD using two-threshold (mild and severe). The results showed that the transition from flood management to AWD management has had a significant impact on soil properties and rice yields, though this was dependent on the threshold. Consequently, yield losses occurred under severe AWD conditions in comparison to the flooded systems. Nevertheless, the use of holm oak biochar was found to enhance rice yields under AWD systems, particularly under severe conditions and following the field ageing process. Thus, the combined use of biochar and AWD may be a sustainable strategy to enhance water productivity, which is one of the main objectives in the rice crop.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed other-oa. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Switching from flooding to AWD significantly changed soil properties, depending on threshold.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- AWD managemente0
- Outcome
- soil propertiese0
- Qualifier
- dependent on the thresholde0
- Comparator
- flood managemente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transition from flood management to AWD management has had a significant impact on soil properties and rice yields, though this was dependent on the threshold”
t0“rice productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Switching from flooding to AWD significantly changed rice yields, depending on threshold.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- AWD managemente0
- Outcome
- rice yieldse0
- Qualifier
- dependent on the thresholde0
- Comparator
- flood managemente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transition from flood management to AWD management has had a significant impact on soil properties and rice yields, though this was dependent on the threshold”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe AWD reduced rice yield relative to flooding.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- severe AWD conditionse0
- Outcome
- yield lossese0
- Direction
- lossese0
- Comparator
- flooded systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield losses occurred under severe AWD conditions in comparison to the flooded systems”
t0“rice productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Holm oak biochar enhanced rice yield under AWD, especially severe AWD after field ageing.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- holm oak biochare0
- Outcome
- rice yieldse0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Qualifier
- particularly under severe conditions and following the field ageing processe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of holm oak biochar was found to enhance rice yields under AWD systems, particularly under severe conditions and following the field ageing process”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose combining biochar and AWD to improve rice water productivity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- combined use of biochar and AWDe0
- Outcome
- enhance water productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combined use of biochar and AWD may be a sustainable strategy to enhance water productivity, which is one of the main objectives in the rice crop”
The same questions in other papers
biochar · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
134 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
143 papers more in this group
See all 147 papers →irrigation · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
264 papers in the same direction as this paper · 906 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
1,167 papers more in this group
See all 1,171 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.