Abstract
Lesion nematodes cause significant yield losses in sugarcane, with global reductions ranging from 10 to 40%. Identifying effective bioagents for soil application is critical to improving sugarcane production. Misdiagnosing nematode infestations as nutrient deficiencies or soil toxicity can limit nutrient availability to plants, exacerbating the problem. To address the challenges posed by lesion nematodes in sugarcane, the present investigations was conducted in a farmer’s field under the sugarcane variety CoC 25 in Vriddhachalam, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. The study evaluated the efficacy of talc-based fungal antagonists, including Trichoderma viride, T. asperellum, Purpureocillium lilacinum, T. harzianum, Pochonia chlamydosporia, T. reesei and Clonostachys frosea as well as bacterial antagonist such as Bacillus firmus, B. subtilis and Lysinibacillus fusiformis against lesion nematode Pratylenchus zeae. These biocontrol agents were applied at 2.5 kg/ha and compared with the standard recommendation of carbofuran applied at 33 kg/ha. All tested fungal and bacterial antagonists significantly reduced the soil population density of lesion nematode. In the first year, sett treatment experiments demonstrated that the application of the fungal antagonist P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 74.3% compared to the untreated control. This treatment also improved germination (84.26%), tillers count (166.62%), commercial cane sugar percentage (12.80%), cane yield (120.50%) and sugar yield (16.82%). Similarly, the bacterial antagonist, Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 71.3% and improved germination (85.22%), tillers count (165.32%), commercial cane sugar content (12.30%), cane yield (118.60%) and sugar yield (16.66%). In the second year, combining P. lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha with Fluensulphone 2% GR at 10 kg/ha resulted in a reduction of lesion nematode populations by 81.23% and achieved a maximum cane yield of 118.3 t/ha. The application of P. lilacinum proved to be highly effective in reducing nematode populations and is recommended for inclusion in an integrated nematode management module.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
All tested fungal and bacterial antagonists significantly reduced lesion nematode soil density.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- fungal and bacterial antagonistse0
- Interactor
- lesion nematodee0pest
- Outcome
- soil population density of lesion nematodee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“All tested fungal and bacterial antagonists significantly reduced the soil population density of lesion nematode.”
Claim · model-written summary
P.lilacinum changed nematode populations to 74.3%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Second interactor
- P.lilacinum
Purpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- nematode populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 74.3%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“In the first year, sett treatment experiments demonstrated that the application of the fungal antagonist P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 74.3% compared to the untreated control. This treatment also improved germination (84.26%), tillers count (166.62%), commercial cane sugar percentage (12.80%), cane yield (120.50%) and sugar yield (16.82%).”
Claim · model-written summary
P.lilacinum changed germination to 84.26%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- P.lilacinumPurpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 84.26%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“In the first year, sett treatment experiments demonstrated that the application of the fungal antagonist P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 74.3% compared to the untreated control. This treatment also improved germination (84.26%), tillers count (166.62%), commercial cane sugar percentage (12.80%), cane yield (120.50%) and sugar yield (16.82%).”
Claim · model-written summary
P.lilacinum changed tillers count to 166.62%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- P.lilacinumPurpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- tillers counte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 166.62%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“In the first year, sett treatment experiments demonstrated that the application of the fungal antagonist P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 74.3% compared to the untreated control. This treatment also improved germination (84.26%), tillers count (166.62%), commercial cane sugar percentage (12.80%), cane yield (120.50%) and sugar yield (16.82%).”
Claim · model-written summary
P.lilacinum changed commercial cane sugar percentage to 12.80%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- P.lilacinumPurpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- commercial cane sugar percentagee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 12.80%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“In the first year, sett treatment experiments demonstrated that the application of the fungal antagonist P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 74.3% compared to the untreated control. This treatment also improved germination (84.26%), tillers count (166.62%), commercial cane sugar percentage (12.80%), cane yield (120.50%) and sugar yield (16.82%).”
Claim · model-written summary
P.lilacinum changed cane yield to 120.50%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- P.lilacinumPurpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- cane yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 120.50%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“In the first year, sett treatment experiments demonstrated that the application of the fungal antagonist P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 74.3% compared to the untreated control. This treatment also improved germination (84.26%), tillers count (166.62%), commercial cane sugar percentage (12.80%), cane yield (120.50%) and sugar yield (16.82%).”
Claim · model-written summary
P.lilacinum changed sugar yield to 16.82%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- P.lilacinumPurpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 16.82%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“In the first year, sett treatment experiments demonstrated that the application of the fungal antagonist P.lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 74.3% compared to the untreated control. This treatment also improved germination (84.26%), tillers count (166.62%), commercial cane sugar percentage (12.80%), cane yield (120.50%) and sugar yield (16.82%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis changed nematode populations to 71.3%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- nematode populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 71.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“Similarly, the bacterial antagonist, Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 71.3% and improved germination (85.22%), tillers count (165.32%), commercial cane sugar content (12.30%), cane yield (118.60%) and sugar yield (16.66%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis changed germination to 85.22%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 85.22%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“Similarly, the bacterial antagonist, Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 71.3% and improved germination (85.22%), tillers count (165.32%), commercial cane sugar content (12.30%), cane yield (118.60%) and sugar yield (16.66%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis changed tillers count to 165.32%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- tillers counte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 165.32%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“Similarly, the bacterial antagonist, Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 71.3% and improved germination (85.22%), tillers count (165.32%), commercial cane sugar content (12.30%), cane yield (118.60%) and sugar yield (16.66%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis changed commercial cane sugar content to 12.30%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- commercial cane sugar contente0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 12.30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“Similarly, the bacterial antagonist, Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 71.3% and improved germination (85.22%), tillers count (165.32%), commercial cane sugar content (12.30%), cane yield (118.60%) and sugar yield (16.66%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis changed cane yield to 118.60%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- cane yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 118.60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“Similarly, the bacterial antagonist, Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 71.3% and improved germination (85.22%), tillers count (165.32%), commercial cane sugar content (12.30%), cane yield (118.60%) and sugar yield (16.66%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis changed sugar yield to 16.66%.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 16.66%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“Similarly, the bacterial antagonist, Bacillus subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha reduced nematode populations by 71.3% and improved germination (85.22%), tillers count (165.32%), commercial cane sugar content (12.30%), cane yield (118.60%) and sugar yield (16.66%).”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment yielded 81.23% for lesion nematode populations.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- P. lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha with Fluensulphone 2% GR at 10 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- lesion nematodee0pest
- Second interactor
- P. lilacinumPurpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion nematode populationse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 81.23%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“In the second year, combining P. lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha with Fluensulphone 2% GR at 10 kg/ha resulted in a reduction of lesion nematode populations by 81.23% and achieved a maximum cane yield of 118.3 t/ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment yielded 118.3 t/ha for cane yield.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- P. lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha with Fluensulphone 2% GR at 10 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- P. lilacinumPurpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- cane yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 118.3 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“In the second year, combining P. lilacinum at 2.5 kg/ha with Fluensulphone 2% GR at 10 kg/ha resulted in a reduction of lesion nematode populations by 81.23% and achieved a maximum cane yield of 118.3 t/ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend P. lilacinum for integrated nematode management.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Second interactor
- P. lilacinumPurpureocillium lilacinume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- inclusion in an integrated nematode management modulee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugarcane”
e0“The application of P. lilacinum proved to be highly effective in reducing nematode populations and is recommended for inclusion in an integrated nematode management module.”
The same questions in other papers
Bacillus subtilis · yield · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · Nematoda · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Purpureocillium lilacinum · growth · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · growth · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Purpureocillium lilacinum · quality: sugar starch · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.