Abstract
Nitrogen (N) application during grain filling of the main crop increases yield of ratoon rice. However, the morphological development of ratoon crops in response to preharvest N management is not well documented. We hypothesized that plant N nutrition during grain filling of the main crop mediates the morphogenesis of ratoon tillers and panicles. Our objective was to elucidate the morphological characteristics by which preharvest N promotes ratoon crop growth. Two N treatments were compared in a lowland rice field for 2 years: with or without 60 kg N ha –1 applied at 5 days after heading of the main crop. The lengths of the tiller buds and young panicles at each node of the ratoon crop were monitored by dissecting the stubble. Logistic functions simulated the ratoon development dynamics. Preharvest N application increased ratoon crop yield by enhancing ratooning ability. It also advanced the onset of ratoon tiller growth and shortened the development period of tiller buds and young panicles at the upper nodes. In contrast, ratooning ability and ratoon crop growth at lower nodes were not affected. Increased ratoon crop yield after preharvest N application resulted from advanced ratoon development and enhanced ratooning ability at the upper nodes. This study provides scientific support for the importance of preharvest N application in ratoon rice cultivation. Our findings will contribute to improvement of N management in rice ratoon-rice systems. • Preharvest N application boosted ratoon rice yield by advancing ratoon development. • N accelerated ratoon growths and enhanced ratooning ability at upper nodes. • Preharvest N did not affect ratoon tiller and panicle development at lower nodes. • Preharvest N management was a key to improve yield in a rice ratoon-rice system.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest nitrogen application increased ratoon crop yield compared with no preharvest nitrogen.
- Taxon
- japonica rice
_by_Augustus_Binu.jpg?width=60)
Oryza sativa Japonica Groupt0 - Treatment
- Preharvest N applicatione0
- Outcome
- ratoon crop yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- without 60 kg N ha –1e1
- Setting
- lowland rice fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_by_Augustus_Binu.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“japonica rice”
e0“Preharvest N application increased ratoon crop yield by enhancing ratooning ability”
e1“Two N treatments were compared in a lowland rice field for 2 years: with or without 60 kg N ha –1 applied at 5 days after heading of the main crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest nitrogen application advanced the onset of ratoon tiller growth.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- Preharvest N applicatione0
- Outcome
- onset of ratoon tiller growthe2
- Direction
- advancede2
- Comparator
- without 60 kg N ha –1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“japonica rice”
e0“Preharvest N application increased ratoon crop yield by enhancing ratooning ability”
e1“Two N treatments were compared in a lowland rice field for 2 years: with or without 60 kg N ha –1 applied at 5 days after heading of the main crop”
e2“It also advanced the onset of ratoon tiller growth and shortened the development period of tiller buds and young panicles at the upper nodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest nitrogen application shortened the development period of tiller buds and young panicles at the upper nodes.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Organ / stage
- upper nodese2
- Treatment
- Preharvest N applicatione0
- Outcome
- development period of tiller buds and young paniclese2
- Direction
- shortenede2
- Comparator
- without 60 kg N ha –1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“japonica rice”
e0“Preharvest N application increased ratoon crop yield by enhancing ratooning ability”
e1“Two N treatments were compared in a lowland rice field for 2 years: with or without 60 kg N ha –1 applied at 5 days after heading of the main crop”
e2“It also advanced the onset of ratoon tiller growth and shortened the development period of tiller buds and young panicles at the upper nodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest nitrogen application did not affect ratooning ability or ratoon crop growth at lower nodes.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Organ / stage
- lower nodese3
- Treatment
- Preharvest N applicatione0
- Outcome
- ratooning ability and ratoon crop growthe3
- Direction
- not affectede3
- Comparator
- without 60 kg N ha –1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“japonica rice”
e0“Preharvest N application increased ratoon crop yield by enhancing ratooning ability”
e1“Two N treatments were compared in a lowland rice field for 2 years: with or without 60 kg N ha –1 applied at 5 days after heading of the main crop”
e3“ratooning ability and ratoon crop growth at lower nodes were not affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher ratoon yield after preharvest nitrogen results from advanced ratoon development and enhanced ratooning ability at the upper nodes.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- preharvest N applicatione4
- Outcome
- ratoon crop yielde4
- Qualifier
- advanced ratoon development and enhanced ratooning ability at the upper nodese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“japonica rice”
e4“Increased ratoon crop yield after preharvest N application resulted from advanced ratoon development and enhanced ratooning ability at the upper nodes”
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