Abstract
ABSTRACT In the present study, 40 mg L −1 N (NH treatment) and 20 mg L −1 6‐benzylaminopurine (6‐BA; BA treatment) were used to stimulate tiller bud growth in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). The hormone changes in the tiller nodes and tiller buds and the N levels in the leaf blades, leaf sheaths, and tiller nodes were measured. The results indicate that N and 6‐BA promoted tiller bud germination and increased the indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) plus zeatin riboside (ZR) levels in tiller buds and tiller nodes but decreased the abscisic acid (ABA) levels in tiller buds. Before tiller bud germination, the IAA and Z plus ZR levels increased but the ABA did not change, suggesting that IAA and Z plus ZR but not ABA may be the key regulators of tiller bud growth. From 4 d posttreatment, the tiller bud growth of the BA‐treated plants markedly slowed but the buds of the NH‐treated plants continued to grow quickly. We also found that the N levels in the leaf blades, leaf sheaths, and tiller nodes of the NH‐treated plants increased significantly as compared to those of the control plants (the plants treated with 10 mg L −1 N). However, no significant differences in N levels were observed between the plants of BA and control treatments. This study suggests that N may regulate tiller bud growth in two ways: by regulating N metabolism and regulating endogenous hormones. External 6‐BA promoted tiller bud germination by regulating endogenous hormones, but tiller bud growth was not maintained because it could not increase the N levels in the plants.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen promoted rice tiller bud germination.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Ne0
- Outcome
- tiller bud germinatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N and 6‐BA promoted tiller bud germination”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
6-benzylaminopurine promoted rice tiller bud germination.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 6‐BAe0
- Outcome
- tiller bud germinatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N and 6‐BA promoted tiller bud germination”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased IAA and zeatin plus zeatin riboside in tiller buds and nodes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tiller buds and tiller nodese0
- Treatment
- Ne0
- Outcome
- indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) plus zeatin riboside (ZR) levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N and 6‐BA promoted tiller bud germination and increased the indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) plus zeatin riboside (ZR) levels in tiller buds and tiller nodes”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
6-benzylaminopurine increased IAA and zeatin plus zeatin riboside in tiller buds and nodes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tiller buds and tiller nodese0
- Treatment
- 6‐BAe0
- Outcome
- indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) plus zeatin riboside (ZR) levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N and 6‐BA promoted tiller bud germination and increased the indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) plus zeatin riboside (ZR) levels in tiller buds and tiller nodes”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen decreased ABA levels in tiller buds.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tiller budse0
- Treatment
- Ne0
- Outcome
- abscisic acid (ABA) levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased the abscisic acid (ABA) levels in tiller buds”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
6-benzylaminopurine decreased ABA levels in tiller buds.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tiller budse0
- Treatment
- 6‐BAe1
- Outcome
- abscisic acid (ABA) levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased the abscisic acid (ABA) levels in tiller buds”
t0“Rice”
e1“N and 6‐BA promoted tiller bud germination”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA and zeatin plus zeatin riboside rose before tiller bud germination.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tiller bude0
- Outcome
- IAA and Z plus ZR levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Before tiller bud germination, the IAA and Z plus ZR levels increased”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA did not change before tiller bud germination.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tiller bude0
- Outcome
- ABAe0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Before tiller bud germination, the IAA and Z plus ZR levels increased but the ABA did not change”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest IAA and zeatin plus zeatin riboside may be key tiller bud growth regulators.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- IAA and Z plus ZRe0
- Outcome
- tiller bud growthe0
- Qualifier
- may be the key regulatorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that IAA and Z plus ZR but not ABA may be the key regulators of tiller bud growth”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth of BA-treated tiller buds slowed markedly from day four.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- BA‐treatede0
- Outcome
- tiller bud growthe0
- Direction
- slowede0
- Qualifier
- From 4 d posttreatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“From 4 d posttreatment, the tiller bud growth of the BA‐treated plants markedly slowed”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth of NH-treated tiller buds continued quickly from day four.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NH‐treatede0
- Outcome
- budse0
- Direction
- continued to grow quicklye0
- Qualifier
- From 4 d posttreatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“From 4 d posttreatment, the tiller bud growth of the BA‐treated plants markedly slowed but the buds of the NH‐treated plants continued to grow quickly”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NH treatment significantly increased nitrogen levels in rice leaf blades, sheaths and tiller nodes relative to control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leaf blades, leaf sheaths, and tiller nodese0
- Treatment
- NH‐treatede0
- Outcome
- N levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N levels in the leaf blades, leaf sheaths, and tiller nodes of the NH‐treated plants increased significantly as compared to those of the control plants (the plants treated with 10 mg L −1 N)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
BA treatment showed no significant difference from control in plant nitrogen levels.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- BAe0
- Outcome
- N levelse0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant differences in N levels were observed between the plants of BA and control treatments”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest nitrogen regulates tiller bud growth through nitrogen metabolism and endogenous hormones.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ne0
- Outcome
- tiller bud growthe0
- Qualifier
- by regulating N metabolism and regulating endogenous hormonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N may regulate tiller bud growth in two ways: by regulating N metabolism and regulating endogenous hormones”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute BA-driven bud germination to regulation of endogenous hormones.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- External 6‐BAe0
- Outcome
- tiller bud germinatione0
- Qualifier
- by regulating endogenous hormonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“External 6‐BA promoted tiller bud germination by regulating endogenous hormones”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute failure to maintain BA-driven bud growth to unchanged plant nitrogen levels.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- tiller bud growthe0
- Qualifier
- because it could not increase the N levels in the plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tiller bud growth was not maintained because it could not increase the N levels in the plants”
t0“Rice”
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