Abstract
This investigation assesses the phytotoxic effects of aflatoxin B1 on maize (Zea mays L.) seedling shoot and root growth and examines the protective potential of three crucifer plant extracts. Maize seeds treated with aflatoxin B1 exhibited significant reductions in shoot length (up to 76.47%) and root length (68.42%) at the highest concentration tested. Co-application of crucifer extracts markedly alleviated these effects, with extract C demonstrating the greatest efficacy, reducing shoot length inhibition to 44.12% and root length inhibition to 36.84%. Extracts alone slightly enhanced shoot and root lengths compared to untreated controls, suggesting a dual role as growth promoters and stress mitigators. These findings highlight the potential of crucifer extracts, particularly C, as natural interventions to enhance maize seedling resilience against aflatoxin B1 stress, offering a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture in contamination-prone regions like Bihar, India.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin B1 significantly reduced maize seedling shoot length by up to 76.47% at the highest concentration.
- Treatment
- aflatoxin B1e0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 76.47%e0
- Qualifier
- at the highest concentration testede0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize seeds treated with aflatoxin B1 exhibited significant reductions in shoot length (up to 76.47%) and root length (68.42%) at the highest concentration tested.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin B1 significantly reduced maize seedling root length by 68.42% at the highest concentration.
- Treatment
- aflatoxin B1e0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 68.42%e0
- Qualifier
- at the highest concentration testede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize seeds treated with aflatoxin B1 exhibited significant reductions in shoot length (up to 76.47%) and root length (68.42%) at the highest concentration tested.”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-applied extract C alleviated aflatoxin B1 shoot length inhibition to 44.12%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Co-application of crucifer extracts markedly alleviated these effects, with extract C demonstrating the greatest efficacy, reducing shoot length inhibition to 44.12% and root length inhibition to 36.84%.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-applied extract C alleviated aflatoxin B1 root length inhibition to 36.84%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Co-application of crucifer extracts markedly alleviated these effects, with extract C demonstrating the greatest efficacy, reducing shoot length inhibition to 44.12% and root length inhibition to 36.84%.”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Crucifer extracts alone slightly enhanced maize shoot and root lengths compared with untreated controls.
- Treatment
- Extracts alonee0
- Outcome
- shoot and root lengthse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extracts alone slightly enhanced shoot and root lengths compared to untreated controls”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
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