Abstract
The present study evaluated the impact of Sardar Amin Granules (SAG) and Bentonite Sulfur (BS) on the rice-wheat cropping system, focusing on crop productivity, soil health, and nutrient dynamics for three years (2018-2021). The experiment was conducted on rice based cropping systems viz: Rice-wheat (R-W), Rice-potato-spring maize (R-P-Sp), and Rice-raya-summer moong (R-R-Sm) at research farm, department of soil science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The results revealed that at the end of two-year field experiment, there was increase in the yield of wheat, potato, raya, spring maize, and summer moong crops under the treatment including additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinations as compared to individual RDF doses (T4). The recorded equivalent yield and system productivity also followed the same trend for three years. The maximum nitrogen (N) content was observed after the harvest of wheat under T4 in R-W cropping system, while phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) were observed at the end of R-R-Sm under T6 and R-P-Sp under T8 respectively. These findings highlight the importance of integrating SAG and bentonite sulfur into conventional fertilization programs to enhance productivity and sustain soil fertility in rice-based cropping systems.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Added fertilizer sources with RDF increased wheat yield relative to RDF alone.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinationse0
- Outcome
- yield of wheate0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- individual RDF doses (T4)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was increase in the yield of wheat, potato, raya, spring maize, and summer moong crops under the treatment including additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinations as compared to individual RDF doses (T4).”
Claim · model-written summary
Added fertilizer sources with RDF increased potato yield.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinationse0
- Outcome
- yield of wheat, potatoe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- individual RDF doses (T4)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was increase in the yield of wheat, potato, raya, spring maize, and summer moong crops under the treatment including additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinations as compared to individual RDF doses (T4).”
Claim · model-written summary
Added fertilizer sources with RDF increased raya yield.
Verbatim
e0“there was increase in the yield of wheat, potato, raya, spring maize, and summer moong crops under the treatment including additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinations as compared to individual RDF doses (T4).”
Claim · model-written summary
Added fertilizer sources with RDF increased spring maize yield.
- Treatment
- additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinationse0
- Outcome
- spring maizee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- individual RDF doses (T4)e0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was increase in the yield of wheat, potato, raya, spring maize, and summer moong crops under the treatment including additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinations as compared to individual RDF doses (T4).”
Claim · model-written summary
Added fertilizer sources with RDF increased summer moong yield.
Verbatim
e0“there was increase in the yield of wheat, potato, raya, spring maize, and summer moong crops under the treatment including additional fertilizer sources and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) combinations as compared to individual RDF doses (T4).”
Claim · model-written summary
Equivalent yield and system productivity followed the crop-yield trend over three years.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- equivalent yield and system productivitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The recorded equivalent yield and system productivity also followed the same trend for three years.”
t0“Rice-Based Cropping Systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nitrogen was maximal after wheat under T4 in the rice-wheat system.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- T4e0
- Outcome
- maximum nitrogen (N) contente0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum nitrogen (N) content was observed after the harvest of wheat under T4 in R-W cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil phosphorus was maximal under T6 at the end of the rice-raya-summer moong system.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- T6e0
- Outcome
- phosphorous (P)e0
- Setting
- R-R-Sme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) were observed at the end of R-R-Sm under T6 and R-P-Sp under T8 respectively.”
t0“Rice-Based Cropping Systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil potassium was maximal under T8 at the end of the rice-potato-spring maize system.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- T8e0
- Outcome
- potassium (K)e0
- Setting
- R-P-Spe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) were observed at the end of R-R-Sm under T6 and R-P-Sp under T8 respectively.”
t0“Rice-Based Cropping Systems”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend integrating SAG and bentonite sulfur into fertilization programs.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- integrating SAG and bentonite sulfur into conventional fertilization programse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integrating SAG and bentonite sulfur into conventional fertilization programs to enhance productivity and sustain soil fertility in rice-based cropping systems.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · organism · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
136 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
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See all 162 papers →fertilization · yield · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
393 papers in the same direction as this paper · 48 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
446 papers more in this group
See all 450 papers →fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
3,434 papers more in this group
See all 3,438 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.