Abstract
Introduction: ) is a promising biofuel crop, offers an opportunity to study pollen biology, particularly in transgenic lines. Understanding pollen viability under different environmental conditions is essential for assessing potential risks associated with transgenic Jatropha cultivation. Methods: Pollen viability of X8#34 transgenic and non-transgenic Jatropha was assessed using various staining techniques. An optimized double-staining technique with Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA) and Propidium Iodide (PI) was developed, effectively differentiated viable pollen (green fluorescence) from non-viable (red fluorescence). The effects of temperatures (18°C, 28°C, 30°C 35°C, 40°C and 45°C) and UV-B irradiation (3 to 15 W/m2) on pollen viability ware examined. Additionally, viability was assessed under field-relevant conditions, including sunny and cloudy/shady atmospheric environments. Results: A significant reduction in pollen viability was observed under extreme temperature and UV-B stress. Among different temperatures tested, high temperatures (35°C, 40°C and 45°C) led to a significant decline in pollen viability, with notable differences emerging from 15 min of incubation. Additionally, exposure to high-intensity UV-B irradiation (12 W/m2 and 15 W/m2) significantly reduced the pollen viability. Under a field relevant sunny condition, viability dropped to 19% in transgenic and 16% in non-transgenic after 45 min incubation and complete loss was recorded in 90 min in both genotypes. In cloudy/shady conditions, over 97% of pollen lost viability in 240 min incubation. Statistical analysis confirmed no significant difference is pollen viability between X8#34 and non-transgenic Jatropha across all tested conditions. Discussion: This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of pollen viability in transgenic and non-transgenic Jatropha. The findings highlight the significant influence of environmental factors, particularly temperature and UV-B exposure, on pollen longevity. The optimized double staining technique (FDA + PI) provides a reliable method for assessing pollen viability and may be useful in environmental risk evaluations of transgenic Jatropha. Given the rapid decline in pollen viability under field-relevant conditions, the likelihood of transgene flow via pollen appears limited.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized FDA and PI double staining distinguished viable green-fluorescent from non-viable red-fluorescent pollen.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcas
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Jatropha curcast0 - Organ / stage
- pollene0
- Outcome
- differentiated viable pollene0
- Comparator
- non-viablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_tree_at_Samedha.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“An optimized double-staining technique with Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA) and Propidium Iodide (PI) was developed, effectively differentiated viable pollen (green fluorescence) from non-viable (red fluorescence).”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
Extreme temperature significantly reduced Jatropha pollen viability.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Treatment
- extreme temperaturee0
- Outcome
- pollen viabilitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant reduction in pollen viability was observed under extreme temperature and UV-B stress.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B stress significantly reduced Jatropha pollen viability.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Treatment
- UV-B stresse0
- Outcome
- pollen viabilitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant reduction in pollen viability was observed under extreme temperature and UV-B stress.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperatures of 35°C, 40°C and 45°C significantly reduced pollen viability, with differences appearing after 15 minutes.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Treatment
- high temperatures (35°C, 40°C and 45°C)e0
- Outcome
- pollen viabilitye0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Qualifier
- from 15 min of incubatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among different temperatures tested, high temperatures (35°C, 40°C and 45°C) led to a significant decline in pollen viability, with notable differences emerging from 15 min of incubation.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
High-intensity UV-B at 12 and 15 W/m2 significantly reduced pollen viability.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Treatment
- high-intensity UV-B irradiation (12 W/m2 and 15 W/m2)e0
- Outcome
- pollen viabilitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, exposure to high-intensity UV-B irradiation (12 W/m2 and 15 W/m2) significantly reduced the pollen viability.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunny conditions reduced transgenic pollen viability to 19% after 45 minutes.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Material
- transgenice0
- Treatment
- sunny conditione0
- Outcome
- viabilitye0
- Direction
- droppede0
- Value
- 19%e0
- Qualifier
- after 45 min incubatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under a field relevant sunny condition, viability dropped to 19% in transgenic and 16% in non-transgenic after 45 min incubation and complete loss was recorded in 90 min in both genotypes.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunny conditions reduced non-transgenic pollen viability to 16% after 45 minutes.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Material
- non-transgenice0
- Treatment
- sunny conditione0
- Outcome
- viabilitye0
- Direction
- droppede0
- Value
- 16%e0
- Qualifier
- after 45 min incubatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under a field relevant sunny condition, viability dropped to 19% in transgenic and 16% in non-transgenic after 45 min incubation and complete loss was recorded in 90 min in both genotypes.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic pollen completely lost viability by 90 minutes in sunny conditions.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Material
- transgenice0
- Treatment
- sunny conditione0
- Outcome
- complete losse0
- Value
- 90 mine0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under a field relevant sunny condition, viability dropped to 19% in transgenic and 16% in non-transgenic after 45 min incubation and complete loss was recorded in 90 min in both genotypes.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-transgenic pollen completely lost viability by 90 minutes in sunny conditions.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Material
- non-transgenice0
- Treatment
- sunny conditione0
- Outcome
- complete losse0
- Value
- 90 mine0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under a field relevant sunny condition, viability dropped to 19% in transgenic and 16% in non-transgenic after 45 min incubation and complete loss was recorded in 90 min in both genotypes.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
Over 97% of pollen lost viability after 240 minutes in cloudy or shady conditions.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Treatment
- cloudy/shady conditionse0
- Outcome
- viabilitye0
- Direction
- loste0
- Value
- over 97%e0
- Qualifier
- 240 min incubatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In cloudy/shady conditions, over 97% of pollen lost viability in 240 min incubation.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollen viability did not differ significantly between X8#34 and non-transgenic Jatropha across tested conditions.
- Material
- X8#34e0
- Outcome
- pollen viabilitye0
- Qualifier
- across all tested conditionse0
- Comparator
- non-transgenice0
JatrophaNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Statistical analysis confirmed no significant difference is pollen viability between X8#34 and non-transgenic Jatropha across all tested conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rapid field-condition viability loss suggests limited likelihood of pollen-mediated transgene flow.
- Taxon
- Jatropha curcasJatropha curcast0
- Outcome
- likelihood of transgene flow via pollene0
- Qualifier
- rapid decline in pollen viability under field-relevant conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Given the rapid decline in pollen viability under field-relevant conditions, the likelihood of transgene flow via pollen appears limited.”
t0“Jatropha curcas”
The same questions in other papers
shade · growth · Jatropha curcasPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.