Abstract
Context Plant recovery of nitrogen (N) fertiliser applied to alkaline soils for irrigated cotton ranges from 20% to 50%. Aligning the application timing to synchronise N availability with plant requirements should lead to greater crop yield and N use efficiency (NUE). Aims Identify the fate of N fertiliser when applied either pre-sow or in-crop to an irrigated cotton system. Methods Field investigations were conducted using isotope-labelled N fertiliser (15N-urea), applied either pre-sow (100:0) or in-crop (0:100). Sampling during the crop growth identified the fate of N fertiliser, both within the soil profile and within the plant. Results Applying N in-crop (0:100) improved N fertiliser recovery by 10% as measured at plant maturity, compared with when N fertiliser was applied pre-sow (100:0). Most of the additional N was recovered in the cotton seed. The period of greatest loss for the 0:100 treatment (45%) occurred between N fertiliser application and first square. Irrigation water mobilised the fertiliser-derived N laterally through the planting hill, with N fertiliser being recovered between the application point and the non-irrigated furrow. In contrast, the 0:100 treatment had a more uniform distribution of N throughout the planting hill. Inherent soil N (non-15N) supplied 60–75% of plant N than did the applied N fertiliser. Conclusions Applying N fertiliser in-crop gave greater fertiliser N use efficiency and recovery, reducing N loss to the environment. Implications The synchronising of N fertiliser delivery with cotton uptake improved efficiency, allowing for reduced application rates while maintaining high yields.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
In-crop nitrogen application improved plant fertilizer recovery by 10% relative to pre-sow application.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Organ / stage
- plant maturitye0
- Treatment
- Applying N in-crop (0:100)e0
- Outcome
- N fertiliser recoverye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- N fertiliser was applied pre-sow (100:0)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying N in-crop (0:100) improved N fertiliser recovery by 10% as measured at plant maturity, compared with when N fertiliser was applied pre-sow (100:0).”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Most additional recovered nitrogen was in cotton seed.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- additional N was recovered in the cotton seede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most of the additional N was recovered in the cotton seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
The in-crop treatment lost 45% of fertilizer nitrogen between application and first square.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 0:100 treatmente0
- Outcome
- greatest losse0
- Value
- 45%e0
- Qualifier
- between N fertiliser application and first squaree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The period of greatest loss for the 0:100 treatment (45%) occurred between N fertiliser application and first square.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation water moved fertilizer nitrogen laterally through the planting hill toward the non-irrigated furrow.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- fertiliser-derived N laterally through the planting hille0
- Direction
- mobilisede0
- Qualifier
- between the application point and the non-irrigated furrowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation water mobilised the fertiliser-derived N laterally through the planting hill, with N fertiliser being recovered between the application point and the non-irrigated furrow.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The in-crop treatment had more uniform nitrogen distribution throughout the planting hill.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 0:100 treatmente0
- Outcome
- distribution of N throughout the planting hille0
- Direction
- more uniforme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 0:100 treatment had a more uniform distribution of N throughout the planting hill.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Inherent soil nitrogen supplied 60–75% of plant nitrogen.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- plant Ne0
- Value
- 60–75%e0
- Comparator
- applied N fertilisere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inherent soil N (non-15N) supplied 60–75% of plant N than did the applied N fertiliser.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In-crop fertilizer application gave greater fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency and recovery.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Applying N fertiliser in-crope0
- Outcome
- fertiliser N use efficiency and recoverye0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying N fertiliser in-crop gave greater fertiliser N use efficiency and recovery, reducing N loss to the environment.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In-crop fertilizer application reduced nitrogen loss to the environment.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Applying N fertiliser in-crope0
- Outcome
- N loss to the environmente0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying N fertiliser in-crop gave greater fertiliser N use efficiency and recovery, reducing N loss to the environment.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Synchronizing nitrogen delivery with cotton uptake could allow reduced application rates while maintaining yields.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- reduced application rates while maintaining high yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The synchronising of N fertiliser delivery with cotton uptake improved efficiency, allowing for reduced application rates while maintaining high yields.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · nutrient: efficiency · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.