Abstract
Pre-emergence herbicides supress weeds in soybean, enabling the crop to stablish without competition. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the selectivity of pre-emergence herbicide combinations in soybean and their effectiveness in controlling weed species. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with four replications. Treatments included two controls (weeded and unweeded) and ten combinations of pre-emergence herbicides: sulfentrazone + diuron; sulfentrazone + clomazone; sulfentrazone + imazethapyr; flumioxazin + imazethapyr; flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone; s-metolachlor + flumioxazin; s-metolachlor + diclosulam; s-metolachlor + fomesafen; s-metolachlor + metribuzin and flumioxazin + imazethapyr + s-metolachlor. Herbicides were applied in a plant-and-spray system. The weed species evaluated were Bidens pilosa L., Commelina benghalensis L., Digitaria insularis L., Euphorbia heterophylla L. and Ipomoea purpurea L. E. heterophylla had the lowest germination flow in the sulfentrazone + clomazone treatment group, which was close to 0 plants/m², obtaining about 90% control at 14 DAE, whereas the sulfentrazone + imazethapyr mixture showed control below 20% at 21 DAE and between 20% and 40% at 28 DAE. D. insularis showed low germination flow in all treatments except for sulfentrazone + imazethapyr, s-metolachlor + metribuzin and flumioxazin + imazethapyr, with 1, 2 and 4 plants/m² and, respectively. The combinations of pre-emergence herbicides contributed to an increased spectrum of weed control and no herbicide combination showed significant phytotoxicity to the soybean crop. Compared with the untreated control treatment, the majority of the treatments resulted in an increase in crop yield, with most showing a yield increase of 814 kg ha-¹ compared to the unweeded control.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone plus clomazone yielded the lowest Euphorbia heterophylla germination flow, near zero.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- sulfentrazone + clomazonee0
- Interactor
- E. heterophylla
Euphorbia heterophyllae0weed - Outcome
- E. heterophylla had the lowest germination flowe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0 plants/m²e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“E. heterophylla had the lowest germination flow in the sulfentrazone + clomazone treatment group, which was close to 0 plants/m²”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone plus clomazone controlled about 90% of E. heterophylla at 14 DAE.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone + clomazonee0
- Interactor
- E. heterophyllaEuphorbia heterophyllae0weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Value
- 90%e0
- Qualifier
- 14 DAEe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“E. heterophylla had the lowest germination flow in the sulfentrazone + clomazone treatment group, which was close to 0 plants/m², obtaining about 90% control at 14 DAE”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone plus imazethapyr controlled less than 20% of E. heterophylla at 21 DAE.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone + imazethapyre0
- Interactor
- E. heterophyllaEuphorbia heterophyllae0weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- belowe0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- 21 DAEe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“E. heterophylla had the lowest germination flow in the sulfentrazone + clomazone treatment group, which was close to 0 plants/m², obtaining about 90% control at 14 DAE, whereas the sulfentrazone + imazethapyr mixture showed control below 20% at 21 DAE”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone plus imazethapyr controlled 20% to 40% of E. heterophylla at 28 DAE.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone + imazethapyre0
- Interactor
- E. heterophyllaEuphorbia heterophyllae0weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Value
- 20% and 40%e0
- Qualifier
- 28 DAEe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“E. heterophylla had the lowest germination flow in the sulfentrazone + clomazone treatment group, which was close to 0 plants/m², obtaining about 90% control at 14 DAE, whereas the sulfentrazone + imazethapyr mixture showed control below 20% at 21 DAE and between 20% and 40% at 28 DAE”
Claim · model-written summary
Digitaria insularis had low germination flow across most treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- D. insularis
Digitaria insularise0weed - Outcome
- D. insularis showed low germination flowe0
- Qualifier
- all treatments except for sulfentrazone + imazethapyr, s-metolachlor + metribuzin and flumioxazin + imazethapyre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“D. insularis showed low germination flow in all treatments except for sulfentrazone + imazethapyr, s-metolachlor + metribuzin and flumioxazin + imazethapyr”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone plus imazethapyr had 1 D. insularis plant per square metre.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone + imazethapyre0
- Interactor
- D. insularisDigitaria insularise0weed
- Outcome
- D. insularis showed low germination flowe0
- Value
- 1, 2 and 4 plants/m²e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“D. insularis showed low germination flow in all treatments except for sulfentrazone + imazethapyr, s-metolachlor + metribuzin and flumioxazin + imazethapyr, with 1, 2 and 4 plants/m² and, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide combinations increased the spectrum of weed control.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- combinations of pre-emergence herbicidese0
- Outcome
- spectrum of weed controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“The combinations of pre-emergence herbicides contributed to an increased spectrum of weed control”
Claim · model-written summary
No herbicide combination caused significant soybean phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- herbicide combinatione0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no herbicide combination showed significant phytotoxicity to the soybean crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Most treatments increased soybean yield by 814 kg ha-¹ relative to unweeded control.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- majority of the treatmentse0
- Outcome
- crop yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 814 kg ha-¹e0
- Comparator
- unweeded controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“Compared with the untreated control treatment, the majority of the treatments resulted in an increase in crop yield, with most showing a yield increase of 814 kg ha-¹ compared to the unweeded control”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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- positive
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See all 72 papers →herbicide · weed · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
257 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction · 13 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
293 papers more in this group
See all 297 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.