Abstract
The addition of functional microorganisms is a common approach for remediating farmland contaminated with heavy metals, but the mechanisms underlying their reduction of crop absorption of these metals require further investigation. Here, the effect of adding Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) on the accumulation of heavy metals, including antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn), in rice was investigated, and the possible mechanisms behind these effects were explored. The results revealed that PC treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of Sb, As, Cr, Pb and Zn in rice grains, while increasing the abundance of four beneficial bacterial genera, including Mycobacterium, Desulfovirga, Methylosarcina, and Ferruginibacter. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) analysis showed that adding PC significantly altered the concentrations of root metabolites, including organic acids, choline, and amino acids. The affected metabolic pathways were mainly concentrated in four pathways: (1) histidine metabolism, (2) pyrimidine metabolism, (3) alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, and (4) glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. These findings suggest that PC reduces the uptake of heavy metals in rice by altering root metabolism and the composition of the rhizosphere microbiome, providing valuable insights for the remediation of farmland contaminated with heavy metals.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduced Sb concentration in rice grains.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Organ / stage
- rice grainse0
- Treatment
- PC treatmente0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Phanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont - Outcome
- Sbe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PC treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of Sb, As, Cr, Pb and Zn in rice grains”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium”
Claim · model-written summary
Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduced As concentration in rice grains.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rice grainse0
- Treatment
- PC treatmente0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- Ase0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PC treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of Sb, As, Cr, Pb and Zn in rice grains”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium”
Claim · model-written summary
Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduced Cr concentration in rice grains.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rice grainse0
- Treatment
- PC treatmente0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- Cre0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PC treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of Sb, As, Cr, Pb and Zn in rice grains”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium”
Claim · model-written summary
Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduced Pb concentration in rice grains.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rice grainse0
- Treatment
- PC treatmente0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- Pbe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PC treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of Sb, As, Cr, Pb and Zn in rice grains”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium”
Claim · model-written summary
Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduced Zn concentration in rice grains.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rice grainse0
- Treatment
- PC treatmente0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- Zne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PC treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of Sb, As, Cr, Pb and Zn in rice grains”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium”
Claim · model-written summary
PC increased rhizosphere abundance of Mycobacterium.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumt0
- Interactor
- Mycobacterium
Mycobacteriume0symbiont - Second interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- abundancee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the abundance of four beneficial bacterial genera, including Mycobacterium, Desulfovirga, Methylosarcina, and Ferruginibacter”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduces heavy metal uptake in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PC increased rhizosphere abundance of Desulfovirga.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumt0
- Interactor
- DesulfovirgaDesulfovirgae0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- abundancee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the abundance of four beneficial bacterial genera, including Mycobacterium, Desulfovirga, Methylosarcina, and Ferruginibacter”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduces heavy metal uptake in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PC increased rhizosphere abundance of Methylosarcina.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumt0
- Interactor
- MethylosarcinaMethylosarcinae0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- abundancee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the abundance of four beneficial bacterial genera, including Mycobacterium, Desulfovirga, Methylosarcina, and Ferruginibacter”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduces heavy metal uptake in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PC increased rhizosphere abundance of Ferruginibacter.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumt0
- Interactor
- FerruginibacterFerruginibactere0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- abundancee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the abundance of four beneficial bacterial genera, including Mycobacterium, Desulfovirga, Methylosarcina, and Ferruginibacter”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduces heavy metal uptake in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PC significantly altered root organic acids concentration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- PCe0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- organic acidse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adding PC significantly altered the concentrations of root metabolites, including organic acids, choline, and amino acids”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduces heavy metal uptake in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PC significantly altered root choline concentration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- PCe0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- cholinee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adding PC significantly altered the concentrations of root metabolites, including organic acids, choline, and amino acids”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduces heavy metal uptake in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PC significantly altered root amino acids concentration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- PCe0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- amino acidse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adding PC significantly altered the concentrations of root metabolites, including organic acids, choline, and amino acids”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium reduces heavy metal uptake in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PC affected histidine, pyrimidine, alanine/aspartate/glutamate, and glycine/serine/threonine metabolism pathways.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- histidine metabolism, (2) pyrimidine metabolism, (3) alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, and (4) glycine, serine, and threonine metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The affected metabolic pathways were mainly concentrated in four pathways: (1) histidine metabolism, (2) pyrimidine metabolism, (3) alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, and (4) glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest PC reduces rice heavy-metal uptake by changing root metabolism and rhizosphere microbiome composition.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- Phanerochaete chrysosporiumPhanerodontia chrysosporiumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptake of heavy metalse0
- Direction
- reducese0
- Qualifier
- altering root metabolism and the composition of the rhizosphere microbiomee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These findings suggest that PC reduces the uptake of heavy metals in rice by altering root metabolism and the composition of the rhizosphere microbiome”
t0“Phanerochaete chrysosporium”