Abstract
Terminal heat stress poses a significant threat to chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production, particularly as climate change increases the frequency and intensity of high-temperature events. This stress adversely affects crop growth, physiological processes, and ultimately yield, necessitating the development of effective mitigation strategies. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of assessing how different sowing dates and foliar applications of stress protectants, specifically salicylic acid, potassium nitrate, and thiourea, affect the chickpea performance under terminal heat stress conditions. The study was carried out at the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, during Rabi (winter) season of 2021 − 22 and 2022 − 23. Results indicated that early sowing of chickpea, that is 1st November significantly improved plant height, dry matter accumulation, symbiotic parameters, yield attributes, yield, and nutrient uptake compared to later sowing dates of 20th November and 10th December. Additionally, the application of stress protectants, that is salicylic acid at 100 parts per million (ppm), thiourea at 1000 ppm, and potassium nitrate at 2%, significantly enhanced the crop’s resilience to heat stress, leading to improved growth, symbiotic parameters, yield, and nutrient uptake compared to water spray and no spray. These findings underscore the importance of timely sowing and the application of stress management strategies to optimize chickpea productivity amid increasing terminal heat stress under the changing climatic scenario.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
November 1 sowing improved chickpea height and dry matter relative to later dates.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- 1st Novembere0
- Outcome
- plant height, dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- 20th November and 10th Decembere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“early sowing of chickpea, that is 1st November significantly improved plant height, dry matter accumulation, symbiotic parameters, yield attributes, yield, and nutrient uptake compared to later sowing dates of 20th November and 10th December.”
Claim · model-written summary
November 1 sowing improved symbiotic parameters and nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- 1st Novembere0
- Outcome
- symbiotic parameters, yield attributes, yield, and nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- 20th November and 10th Decembere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“early sowing of chickpea, that is 1st November significantly improved plant height, dry matter accumulation, symbiotic parameters, yield attributes, yield, and nutrient uptake compared to later sowing dates of 20th November and 10th December.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid improved crop growth, symbiosis, yield and nutrient uptake versus controls.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid at 100 parts per million (ppm)e0
- Outcome
- growth, symbiotic parameters, yield, and nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- water spray and no spraye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salicylic acid at 100 parts per million (ppm), thiourea at 1000 ppm, and potassium nitrate at 2%, significantly enhanced the crop’s resilience to heat stress, leading to improved growth, symbiotic parameters, yield, and nutrient uptake compared to water spray and no spray.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea improved crop growth, symbiosis, yield and nutrient uptake versus controls.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- thiourea at 1000 ppme0
- Outcome
- growth, symbiotic parameters, yield, and nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- water spray and no spraye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salicylic acid at 100 parts per million (ppm), thiourea at 1000 ppm, and potassium nitrate at 2%, significantly enhanced the crop’s resilience to heat stress, leading to improved growth, symbiotic parameters, yield, and nutrient uptake compared to water spray and no spray.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium nitrate improved crop growth, symbiosis, yield and nutrient uptake versus controls.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- potassium nitrate at 2%e0
- Outcome
- growth, symbiotic parameters, yield, and nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- water spray and no spraye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salicylic acid at 100 parts per million (ppm), thiourea at 1000 ppm, and potassium nitrate at 2%, significantly enhanced the crop’s resilience to heat stress, leading to improved growth, symbiotic parameters, yield, and nutrient uptake compared to water spray and no spray.”
t0“chickpea”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →thiourea · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →potassium nitrate · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
12 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.