Paper · 2025 · Agronomy

Effect of Mixed Lactic Acid Bacteria on Silage Quality and In Vitro Digestibility of 16 Oat Forage Varieties in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

Xueer Zhao; Xinyang Li; Haiping Li; et al.

11
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20
verbatim quotes
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citations
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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The production of artificial planted forage is important for the development of animal husbandry in the Qinghai–-Tibet Plateau, and oat forage is one of the main artificial planted forages in the area. However, the suitable oat varieties for harvesting and preparing silage feed in this region are still unclear. To investigate suitable oat forage varieties for silage production and the potential feeding value of different oat forage varieties, 16 oat forage varieties planted in Qinghai Province were selected in this experiment. These oat forages were subjected to two treatments: a group with no inoculants (CK) and a group with self-selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants (IN). After 90 days of ensiling, silage quality and in vitro digestibility of the 16 oat forage varieties were determined. The results showed that all oat forage varieties ferment well after ensiling (pH < 4), the CK group had a silage pH range of 3.62–3.95, and the IN group had a silage pH range of 3.68–3.83. Tianyan No.1, Qingtian No.2, and Tianyan No.3 were in the top three in RFV and RFQ rankings in the CK group, while Qinghai 444, Tianyan No.1, and Tianyan No.3 were in the lead in GI rankings. Tianyan No.1, Qingtian No.2, and Everleaf 126 were in the lead in RFV and RFQ rankings in the IN group, while Qinghai 444, Titan, and Tianyan No.1 were in the top three in GI rankings. The dry matter digestibility and 72 h cumulative gas production of the IN group were higher than that of the CK group (p < 0.05). Based on principal component analysis and membership function comprehensive evaluation, Tianyan No.1, Qinghai 444, and Tianyan No.3 ranked the top three, demonstrating that these three oat forage varieties are suitable for silage processing in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau region.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All oat varieties fermented with pH below 4.

Taxon
oat foragee0
Outcome
ferment welle0
Value
pH < 4e0

Verbatim

e0

“all oat forage varieties ferment well after ensiling (pH < 4)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 833–894 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Uninoculated oat silage pH ranged from 3.62 to 3.95.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Treatment
CK groupe0
Outcome
silage pHe0
Value
3.62–3.95e0

Verbatim

e0

“the CK group had a silage pH range of 3.62–3.95”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–943 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Inoculated oat silage pH ranged from 3.68 to 3.83.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Treatment
IN groupe0
Outcome
silage pHe0
Value
3.68–3.83e0

Verbatim

e0

“the IN group had a silage pH range of 3.68–3.83”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 949–996 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tianyan No.1, Qingtian No.2 and Tianyan No.3 led RFV and RFQ in CK.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Material
Tianyan No.1, Qingtian No.2, and Tianyan No.3e0
Outcome
RFV and RFQ rankingse0
Direction
top threee0
Comparator
CK groupe0

Verbatim

e0

“Tianyan No.1, Qingtian No.2, and Tianyan No.3 were in the top three in RFV and RFQ rankings in the CK group”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 998–1105 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Qinghai 444, Tianyan No.1 and Tianyan No.3 led GI in CK.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Material
Qinghai 444, Tianyan No.1, and Tianyan No.3e0
Outcome
GI rankingse0
Direction
in the leade0

Verbatim

e0

“Qinghai 444, Tianyan No.1, and Tianyan No.3 were in the lead in GI rankings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1113–1188 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tianyan No.1, Qingtian No.2 and Everleaf 126 led RFV and RFQ in IN.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Material
Tianyan No.1, Qingtian No.2, and Everleaf 126e0
Outcome
RFV and RFQ rankingse0
Direction
in the leade0
Comparator
IN groupe0

Verbatim

e0

“Tianyan No.1, Qingtian No.2, and Everleaf 126 were in the lead in RFV and RFQ rankings in the IN group”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1190–1292 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Qinghai 444, Titan and Tianyan No.1 led GI in IN.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Material
Qinghai 444, Titan, and Tianyan No.1e0
Outcome
GI rankingse0
Direction
top threee0

Verbatim

e0

“Qinghai 444, Titan, and Tianyan No.1 were in the top three in GI rankings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1300–1373 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Inoculation increased dry matter digestibility versus CK.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Treatment
IN groupe0
Outcome
dry matter digestibilitye0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
CK groupe0

Verbatim

e0

“The dry matter digestibility and 72 h cumulative gas production of the IN group were higher than that of the CK group (p < 0.05).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1375–1504 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Inoculation increased 72 h cumulative gas production versus CK.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Treatment
IN groupe0
Outcome
72 h cumulative gas productione0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
CK groupe0

Verbatim

e0

“The dry matter digestibility and 72 h cumulative gas production of the IN group were higher than that of the CK group (p < 0.05).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1375–1504 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tianyan No.1, Qinghai 444 and Tianyan No.3 ranked highest overall.

Taxon
oat foraget0
Material
Tianyan No.1, Qinghai 444, and Tianyan No.3e0
Outcome
ranked the top threee0
Direction
top threee0

Verbatim

e0

“Tianyan No.1, Qinghai 444, and Tianyan No.3 ranked the top three”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1593–1657 · show in text ↑
t0

“oat forage varieties”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 88–108 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The three highest ranked varieties were deemed suitable for silage processing in the region.

Taxon
oat foragee0
Material
Tianyan No.1, Qinghai 444, and Tianyan No.3e0
Outcome
suitable for silage processinge0
Setting
Qinghai–Tibet Plateau regione0

Verbatim

e0

“Tianyan No.1, Qinghai 444, and Tianyan No.3 ranked the top three, demonstrating that these three oat forage varieties are suitable for silage processing in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau region.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1593–1782 · show in text ↑

inoculation · quality: grain · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 6 positive, 1 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

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inoculation · yield · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results

35 papers: 26 positive, 9 negative or no effect

25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

31 papers more in this group

See all 35 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.