Abstract
Boron deficiency in fresh-market tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a widespread problem that reduces yield and fruit quality but is often not recognized by growers. Tomatoes were grown in field and hydroponic culture to compare the effects of foliar and soil applied B on plant growth, fruit yield, fruit quality, and tissue nutrient levels. Regardless of application method, B was associated with increased tomato growth and the concentration of K, Ca, and B in plant tissue. Boron application was associated with increased N uptake by tomato in field culture, but not under hydroponic culture. In field culture, foliar and/or soil applied B similarly increased fresh-market tomato plant and root dry weight, uptake, and tissue concentrations of N, Ca, K, and B, and improved fruit set, total yields, marketable yields, fruit shelf life, and fruit firmness. The similar growth and yield responses of tomato to foliar and root B application suggests that B is translocated in the phloem in tomatoes. Fruit from plants receiving foliar or root applied B contained more B, and K than fruit from plants not receiving B, indicating that B was translocated from leaves to fruit and is an important factor in the management of K nutrition in tomato.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Boron application increased tomato growth and plant-tissue K, Ca, and B concentrations regardless of application method.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Be0
- Outcome
- tomato growth and the concentration of K, Ca, and B in plant tissuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of application method, B was associated with increased tomato growth and the concentration of K, Ca, and B in plant tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron application increased nitrogen uptake by field-grown tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Boron applicatione0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- field culturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Boron application was associated with increased N uptake by tomato in field culture”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron application did not increase tomato nitrogen uptake in hydroponic culture.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Boron applicatione0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- but note0
- Setting
- hydroponic culturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Boron application was associated with increased N uptake by tomato in field culture, but not under hydroponic culture”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar and soil boron similarly increased tomato plant and root dry weight in field culture.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar and/or soil applied Be0
- Outcome
- plant and root dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- field culturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field culture, foliar and/or soil applied B similarly increased fresh-market tomato plant and root dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar and soil boron similarly increased uptake and tissue concentrations of N, Ca, K, and B in field-grown tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar and/or soil applied Be0
- Outcome
- uptake, and tissue concentrations of N, Ca, K, and Be0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- field culturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field culture, foliar and/or soil applied B similarly increased fresh-market tomato plant and root dry weight, uptake, and tissue concentrations of N, Ca, K, and B”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar and soil boron improved tomato fruit set, total and marketable yields, shelf life, and firmness in field culture.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar and/or soil applied Be0
- Outcome
- fruit set, total yields, marketable yields, fruit shelf life, and fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Setting
- field culturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field culture, foliar and/or soil applied B similarly increased fresh-market tomato plant and root dry weight, uptake, and tissue concentrations of N, Ca, K, and B, and improved fruit set, total yields, marketable yields, fruit shelf life, and fruit firmness”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit from plants receiving foliar or root boron contained more B and K than untreated fruit.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- Fruite0
- Treatment
- foliar or root applied Be0
- Outcome
- B, and Ke0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- plants not receiving Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit from plants receiving foliar or root applied B contained more B, and K than fruit from plants not receiving B”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Similar growth and yield responses to foliar and root boron suggest phloem translocation in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- foliar and root B applicatione0
- Outcome
- B is translocated in the phloeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The similar growth and yield responses of tomato to foliar and root B application suggests that B is translocated in the phloem in tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater B and K in fruit after foliar or root boron indicates translocation of B from leaves to fruit.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- foliar or root applied Be0
- Outcome
- B was translocated from leaves to fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit from plants receiving foliar or root applied B contained more B, and K than fruit from plants not receiving B, indicating that B was translocated from leaves to fruit”
t0“Tomato”
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