Abstract
The paper investigated the technological approach of biofortification of wheat grain based on the application of germina-tion technology in the presence of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid in order to increase its antioxidant properties. Soft wheat grain of the variety Moskovskaya-39 of the 2023 and 2024 harvests was chosen as the object of study; powders from three different manufacturers were used to create solutions of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid. In germinated wheat grain samples. in the dynamics of the process duration (12, 18, and 24 h) at varying concentration of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid solutions (0.3; 0.6, and 0.9%) the following parameters were determined: length and intensity of root system devel-opment (by measuring the root system in 1000 sample units), flavonoid content (spectrophotometrically, using ethanol solution of aluminium chloride), content of polyphenolic compounds (spectrophotometrically, using Folin–Chocalteu rea-gent), and total antioxidant activity. Two-factor planning and data processing in MathCad 14.0 software were used to identify the most effective biofortification conditions. The obtained results prove that the most pronounced positive dynam-ics of change in the indicators of length and intensity of root system development, content of flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds, as well as total antioxidant activity is observed using the concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid solutions in the range from 0.45 to 0.75% regardless of the manufacturer. The content of maximum flavonoids in the studied samples ranges between 0.50–0.52 mg/g and the one of polyphenolic compounds – between 2.19–2.40 mg/g. It has been proved that germination process under conditions of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid allows more than threefold increase in the values of antioxidant activity 52.40-54.09 mg Trolox eq./g.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Solutions at 0.45 to 0.75% gave the strongest improvement in root system length and development intensity regardless of manufacturer.
- Taxon
- wheat grain
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- γ-aminobutyric acid solutions in the range from 0.45 to 0.75%e0
- Outcome
- length and intensity of root system developmente0
- Direction
- positive dynam-icse0
- Qualifier
- regardless of the manufacturere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The obtained results prove that the most pronounced positive dynam-ics of change in the indicators of length and intensity of root system development, content of flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds, as well as total antioxidant activity is observed using the concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid solutions in the range from 0.45 to 0.75% regardless of the manufacturer”
t0“biofortification of wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Solutions at 0.45 to 0.75% gave the strongest improvement in flavonoid and polyphenolic compound content.
- Taxon
- wheat grainTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- γ-aminobutyric acid solutions in the range from 0.45 to 0.75%e0
- Outcome
- content of flavonoids and polyphenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- positive dynam-icse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The obtained results prove that the most pronounced positive dynam-ics of change in the indicators of length and intensity of root system development, content of flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds, as well as total antioxidant activity is observed using the concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid solutions in the range from 0.45 to 0.75% regardless of the manufacturer”
t0“biofortification of wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Solutions at 0.45 to 0.75% gave the strongest improvement in total antioxidant activity.
- Taxon
- wheat grainTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- γ-aminobutyric acid solutions in the range from 0.45 to 0.75%e0
- Outcome
- total antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- positive dynam-icse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The obtained results prove that the most pronounced positive dynam-ics of change in the indicators of length and intensity of root system development, content of flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds, as well as total antioxidant activity is observed using the concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid solutions in the range from 0.45 to 0.75% regardless of the manufacturer”
t0“biofortification of wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum flavonoid content ranged from 0.50 to 0.52 mg/g.
- Taxon
- wheat grainTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- content of maximum flavonoidse0
- Value
- 0.50–0.52 mg/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The content of maximum flavonoids in the studied samples ranges between 0.50–0.52 mg/g”
t0“biofortification of wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum polyphenolic compound content ranged from 2.19 to 2.40 mg/g.
- Taxon
- wheat grainTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- polyphenolic compoundse0
- Value
- 2.19–2.40 mg/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the one of polyphenolic compounds – between 2.19–2.40 mg/g”
t0“biofortification of wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination with exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid increased antioxidant activity more than threefold to 52.40-54.09 mg Trolox eq./g.
- Taxon
- wheat grainTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous γ-aminobutyric acide0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 52.40-54.09 mg Trolox eq./ge0
- Qualifier
- more than threefolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“germination process under conditions of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid allows more than threefold increase in the values of antioxidant activity 52.40-54.09 mg Trolox eq./g”
t0“biofortification of wheat grain”
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