Abstract
ABSTRACT Elevated CO 2 enhances photosynthesis and yield in rice, with indica rice generally displaying a stronger yield response than japonica . However, uncertainty remains about the key yield components driving this difference, which limits breeding strategies for enhancing japonica rice yield. To identify critical factors in yield responses to elevated CO 2 and to explore potential improvements in japonica rice yield, we conducted a meta‐analysis of FACE (Free‐Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment) data from China and Japan to examine yield component contributions. Additionally, we investigated whether rice lines with enlarged root systems could enhance yield response to elevated CO 2 (+200 μmol mol −1 ). Our results indicated that, under elevated CO 2 , Chinese indica rice genotypes achieved a substantial grain yield increase, averaging around 31.1%. On the other hand, the Chinese and Japanese japonica along with the Japanese indica demonstrated more moderate increases, measuring about 10.3%, 13.7% and 12.5%, respectively. Among yield components, spikelets per panicle (SPP), often a lagging indicator, was identified as a crucial factor in further increasing yield potential. OsERF3 ‐overexpressing rice lines not only expanded root growth but also stimulated root vigour under elevated CO 2 conditions. These enlarged‐root lines demonstrated improved nutrient uptake, nitrogen‐content stability, increased photosynthesis rates and greater grain weight, effectively avoiding the SPP reductions typically seen in Chinese japonica under elevated CO 2 . As a result, these lines achieved a 38.6% yield increase under elevated CO 2 , outperforming wild‐type japonica responses. These findings suggest that enlarged‐root rice lines could be a promising breeding platform for enhancing rice production and developing climate‐resilient rice cultivars.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Chinese indica grain yield rose around 31.1% under elevated carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- Chinese indica rice genotypese0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 31.1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under elevated CO 2 , Chinese indica rice genotypes achieved a substantial grain yield increase, averaging around 31.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
Chinese japonica yield increased about 10.3% under elevated carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Chinese and Japanese japonicae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e1
- Outcome
- increasese0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 10.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Chinese and Japanese japonica along with the Japanese indica demonstrated more moderate increases, measuring about 10.3%, 13.7% and 12.5%, respectively”
e1“under elevated CO 2 , Chinese indica rice genotypes”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Japanese japonica yield increased about 13.7% under elevated carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Japanese japonicae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e1
- Outcome
- increasese0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 13.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Chinese and Japanese japonica along with the Japanese indica demonstrated more moderate increases, measuring about 10.3%, 13.7% and 12.5%, respectively”
e1“under elevated CO 2 , Chinese indica rice genotypes”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Japanese indica yield increased about 12.5% under elevated carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Japanese indicae0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e1
- Outcome
- increasese0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 12.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Chinese and Japanese japonica along with the Japanese indica demonstrated more moderate increases, measuring about 10.3%, 13.7% and 12.5%, respectively”
e1“under elevated CO 2 , Chinese indica rice genotypes”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Spikelets per panicle was identified as crucial to further yield gains.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- spikelets per panicle (SPP)e0
- Outcome
- yield potentiale0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spikelets per panicle (SPP), often a lagging indicator, was identified as a crucial factor in further increasing yield potential”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
OsERF3 overexpressing lines expanded root growth and vigour under elevated carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- OsERF3 ‐overexpressing rice linese0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e0
- Gene
- OsERF3e0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- expandede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsERF3 ‐overexpressing rice lines not only expanded root growth but also stimulated root vigour under elevated CO 2 conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Enlarged-root lines improved nutrient uptake, nitrogen stability and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- enlarged‐root linese0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake, nitrogen‐content stability, increased photosynthesis ratese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These enlarged‐root lines demonstrated improved nutrient uptake, nitrogen‐content stability, increased photosynthesis rates and greater grain weight”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Enlarged-root lines had greater grain weight.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- enlarged‐root linese0
- Outcome
- grain weighte0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These enlarged‐root lines demonstrated improved nutrient uptake, nitrogen‐content stability, increased photosynthesis rates and greater grain weight”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Enlarged-root lines avoided spikelet-per-panicle reductions typical of Chinese japonica under elevated carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Chinese japonicae0
- Outcome
- SPP reductionse0
- Direction
- avoidinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectively avoiding the SPP reductions typically seen in Chinese japonica under elevated CO 2”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Enlarged-root lines achieved a 38.6% yield increase under elevated carbon dioxide, exceeding wild-type japonica.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- these linese0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 38.6%e0
- Comparator
- wild‐type japonicae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these lines achieved a 38.6% yield increase under elevated CO 2 , outperforming wild‐type japonica responses”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest enlarged-root lines as a breeding platform for rice production.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- enlarged‐root rice linese0
- Outcome
- promising breeding platforme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enlarged‐root rice lines could be a promising breeding platform for enhancing rice production and developing climate‐resilient rice cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
130 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
155 papers more in this group
See all 159 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.