Abstract
The study was conducted during the summer season (February-May) 2025 at SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, to evaluate the effect of subsurface drip irrigation (SSDI) on growth parameters of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth, under different lateral spacings (45,60 and 75 cm) and irrigation levels 100% ETc and 125% ETc against surface drip irrigation and conventional method (transplanted) in rice cultivation. Transplanted rice consistently outperformed other treatments in all growth parameters plant height (27.90 and 58.59 cm), number of tillers per m2 (277 and 443), dry matter production (2503 and 7509 kg/ha) at 30 and 60 DAS. The result showed significant difference between the treatments. Among the subsurface drip irrigation, irrigation at 125% ETc with lateral spacing (T4) recorded tallest plant height (26.10 and 54.81 cm), higher number of tillers (262 and 420 no./m2), dry matter production (2364 and 7093 kg/ha) at 30 and 60 DAS respectively. The treatment T4 shown higher leaf area index (1.43 and 4.00) and SPAD values (35.58 and 46.25) indicating enhanced photosynthetic efficiency. These results show SSDI with a 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc irrigation surplus is the most effective configuration for aerobic rice system which optimizes water use and boosts productivity making it ideal for cultivating rice in water-limited environments. By supporting high yields without traditional flooding, SSDI with 45cm spacing with 125%ETc offer strong experimental support for adopting SSDI in tropical rice-growing regions under climate-change stress.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted rice outperformed other treatments in all growth parameters.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- Transplanted ricee1
- Outcome
- growth parameterse1
- Direction
- outperformede1
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Transplanted rice consistently outperformed other treatments in all growth parameters”
e2“The result showed significant difference between the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted rice had plant height of 27.90 and 58.59 cm at 30 and 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Transplanted ricee1
- Outcome
- plant heighte2
- Value
- 27.90 and 58.59 cme2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Transplanted rice consistently outperformed other treatments in all growth parameters”
e2“plant height (27.90 and 58.59 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted rice had 277 and 443 tillers per m2 at 30 and 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Transplanted ricee1
- Outcome
- number of tillers per m2e2
- Value
- 277 and 443e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Transplanted rice consistently outperformed other treatments in all growth parameters”
e2“number of tillers per m2 (277 and 443)”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted rice had dry matter production of 2503 and 7509 kg/ha at 30 and 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Transplanted ricee1
- Outcome
- dry matter productione2
- Value
- 2503 and 7509 kg/hae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Transplanted rice consistently outperformed other treatments in all growth parameters”
e2“dry matter production (2503 and 7509 kg/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 125% ETc with lateral spacing (T4) gave the tallest plant height, 26.10 and 54.81 cm at 30 and 60 DAS, among subsurface drip treatments.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- irrigation at 125% ETc with lateral spacing (T4)e1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- talleste1
- Value
- 26.10 and 54.81 cme1
- Comparator
- subsurface drip irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“irrigation at 125% ETc with lateral spacing (T4) recorded tallest plant height (26.10 and 54.81 cm)”
e2“Among the subsurface drip irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 (125% ETc, lateral spacing) had a higher number of tillers, 262 and 420 per m2, than subsurface drip treatments.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- irrigation at 125% ETc with lateral spacing (T4)e1
- Outcome
- number of tillerse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 262 and 420 no./m2e3
- Comparator
- subsurface drip irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“irrigation at 125% ETc with lateral spacing (T4) recorded tallest plant height (26.10 and 54.81 cm)”
e2“Among the subsurface drip irrigation”
e3“higher number of tillers (262 and 420 no./m2), dry matter production (2364 and 7093 kg/ha) at 30 and 60 DAS respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 (125% ETc, lateral spacing) had higher dry matter production, 2364 and 7093 kg/ha at 30 and 60 DAS, than subsurface drip treatments.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- irrigation at 125% ETc with lateral spacing (T4)e1
- Outcome
- dry matter productione3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 2364 and 7093 kg/hae3
- Comparator
- subsurface drip irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“irrigation at 125% ETc with lateral spacing (T4) recorded tallest plant height (26.10 and 54.81 cm)”
e2“Among the subsurface drip irrigation”
e3“higher number of tillers (262 and 420 no./m2), dry matter production (2364 and 7093 kg/ha) at 30 and 60 DAS respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 had higher leaf area index, 1.43 and 4.00, than other subsurface drip treatments.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- T4e2
- Outcome
- leaf area indexe2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 1.43 and 4.00e2
- Comparator
- subsurface drip irrigatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Among the subsurface drip irrigation”
e2“The treatment T4 shown higher leaf area index (1.43 and 4.00)”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 had higher SPAD values, 35.58 and 46.25, indicating enhanced photosynthetic efficiency.
- Taxon
- aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- T4e2
- Outcome
- SPAD valuese3
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 35.58 and 46.25e3
- Qualifier
- indicating enhanced photosynthetic efficiencye3
- Comparator
- subsurface drip irrigatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Among the subsurface drip irrigation”
e2“The treatment T4 shown higher leaf area index (1.43 and 4.00)”
e3“SPAD values (35.58 and 46.25) indicating enhanced photosynthetic efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
SSDI with 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc surplus is the most effective configuration for aerobic rice.
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“SSDI with a 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc irrigation surplus is the most effective configuration for aerobic rice system”
Claim · model-written summary
SSDI with 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc surplus boosts productivity in aerobic rice.
- Taxon
- aerobic ricee0
- Treatment
- SSDI with a 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc irrigation surpluse1
- Outcome
- productivitye2
- Direction
- boostse2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“SSDI with a 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc irrigation surplus is the most effective configuration for aerobic rice system”
e2“which optimizes water use and boosts productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
SSDI with 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc surplus optimizes water use in aerobic rice.
- Taxon
- aerobic ricee0
- Treatment
- SSDI with a 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc irrigation surpluse1
- Outcome
- water usee2
- Direction
- optimizese2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“SSDI with a 45 cm spacing and 125% ETc irrigation surplus is the most effective configuration for aerobic rice system”
e2“which optimizes water use and boosts productivity”
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