Abstract
Hemp ( Cannabis sativa ) hurd fiber was studied as a potential new substrate to substitute for sphagnum peatmoss in container production of petunia ( Petunia × hybrida Shock Wave ® Coral Crush) and geranium ( Pelargonium × hortorum Maverick™ Red Hybrid). Media composed of varying proportions of hurd, peat, and vermiculite at 1:0:1, 0.33:0.66:1, 0.66:0.33:1, and 0:1:1 (control) were evaluated. Petunia grown in 0.33:0.66:1 medium had similar shoot weight, flowers, and plant width and were visually indistinguishable from plants grown in control medium. However, as the amount of hurd substituted for peat increased, plant performance declined. Geranium grown in 0.33:0.66:1 medium had greater shoot weight and width than plants in control and 1:0:1 media. Media pH registered above and below recommended ranges for petunia and geranium, respectively, based on pour-thru testing. This may have led to growth reductions due to Fe deficiency for petunia in 1:0:1 medium and Mn toxicity for geranium in control and 0.33:0.66:1 media. Growth of petunia and geranium in peat:vermiculite medium with either hurd or wood fiber in substitution of peat at 50% was also studied. Petunia in the hurd medium were slightly smaller than those in wood fiber and control media, whereas geranium was similar across media. This is the first reported use of hurd as a substrate for bedding plant production. These findings suggest that hurd is a promising new substrate and may be substituted for ∼30% of the peat portion of a standard peat:vermiculite medium to produce high-quality plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Petunia grown in the 0.33:0.66:1 hurd-peat-vermiculite medium had shoot weight, flowers and plant width similar to the control medium.
- Treatment
- 0.33:0.66:1 mediume1
- Outcome
- shoot weight, flowers, and plant widthe1
- Direction
- similare1
- Qualifier
- visually indistinguishablee1
- Comparator
- control mediume1
_flowers_in_Westgate_Gardens%2C_Canterbury.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PetuniaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_flowers_in_Westgate_Gardens%2C_Canterbury.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“Petunia grown in 0.33:0.66:1 medium had similar shoot weight, flowers, and plant width and were visually indistinguishable from plants grown in control medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Petunia performance declined as the amount of hurd substituted for peat increased.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“as the amount of hurd substituted for peat increased, plant performance declined”
Claim · model-written summary
Geranium grown in the 0.33:0.66:1 medium had greater shoot weight and width than plants in the control and 1:0:1 media.
- Treatment
- 0.33:0.66:1 mediume1
- Outcome
- shoot weight and widthe1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- control and 1:0:1 mediae1
GeraniumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“Geranium grown in 0.33:0.66:1 medium had greater shoot weight and width than plants in control and 1:0:1 media”
Claim · model-written summary
Petunia media pH was above the recommended range based on pour-thru testing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“Media pH registered above and below recommended ranges for petunia and geranium, respectively, based on pour-thru testing”
Claim · model-written summary
Geranium media pH was below the recommended range based on pour-thru testing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“Media pH registered above and below recommended ranges for petunia and geranium, respectively, based on pour-thru testing”
Claim · model-written summary
Petunia growth reduction in the 1:0:1 medium may be due to Fe deficiency.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“This may have led to growth reductions due to Fe deficiency for petunia in 1:0:1 medium and Mn toxicity for geranium in control and 0.33:0.66:1 media”
Claim · model-written summary
Geranium growth reduction in the control and 0.33:0.66:1 media may be due to Mn toxicity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“This may have led to growth reductions due to Fe deficiency for petunia in 1:0:1 medium and Mn toxicity for geranium in control and 0.33:0.66:1 media”
Claim · model-written summary
Petunia in the hurd medium were slightly smaller than those in wood fiber and control media.
Not reportedOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“Petunia in the hurd medium were slightly smaller than those in wood fiber and control media”
Claim · model-written summary
Geranium was similar across the hurd, wood fiber and control media at 50% peat substitution.
- Direction
- similare1
Not reportedOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“whereas geranium was similar across media”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend that hurd may replace about 30% of the peat in a standard peat:vermiculite medium for petunia and geranium.
- Outcome
- substituted fore1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Container Production of Petunia and Geranium”
e1“may be substituted for”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · growth · GeraniumPositive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 6 papers →in vitro · growth · Petunia (petunia)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.