Abstract
Pummelo [Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.] is a potential commercial citrus due to its wide adaptability, economic, and health benefits. In spite of the vast genetic resources of citrus, the lack of systematic characterization has primarily caused significant gaps in understanding the valuable traits of pummelo, resulting in their sparing utilisation. The present study was carried out during 2021–2023 at ICAR Research Complex NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya to evaluate 14 genotypes of pummelo to identify the ideal genotypes and popularise the crop. Ten fully mature and healthy fruits from each genotype were collected randomly in different directions of the canopy with three replications. The results showed significant variations in fruit morphology, biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation among different genotypes of pummelo. The highest fruit weight was found in RCCG-07 (900.3±57.5 g), pulp in RCCG-05 (74.0±2.2%), and juice content in RCCG-14 (49.5±2.8%). The maximum TSS (11.1±0.4%) and total carbohydrates (44.6±2.7 mg glucose/ml) were recorded in RCCG-07; vitamin C (97.6±2.9 mg/100 ml) and carotenoids (140.1±7.1 µg/100 ml) in RCGH-06. Furthermore, total phenolic content was obtained the maximum in RCCG-09, total flavonoid in RCCG-05, FRAP in RCCG-08, and pulp a* value in RCCG-06. The correlation indicated that ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and flavonoids contributed significantly to the antioxidant properties of this fruit. It was also found that the white-fleshed genotypes had higher fruit weight, pulp, and juice content, with fewer seeds. The quality attributes, including biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation, were higher in red-fleshed genotypes; however, such traits may be associated with a higher seed number. Therefore, RCCG-05 (white-fleshed) and red-fleshed genotypes (RCCG-06 and RCCG-07) with higher fruit weight, pulp, and biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation quality, can be ideal genotypes suitable for incorporation in breeding programmes, popularisation, and processing industries.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Pummelo genotypes significantly varied in morphology, biochemical and antioxidant traits.
- Taxon
- pummelo
Citrus maximae0 - Outcome
- fruit morphology, biochemical, antioxidante0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed significant variations in fruit morphology, biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation among different genotypes of pummelo.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pummelo genotypes significantly varied in pigmentation.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximae0
- Outcome
- pigmentatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed significant variations in fruit morphology, biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation among different genotypes of pummelo.”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-07 had the highest fruit weight, 900.3±57.5 g.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-07e0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 900.3±57.5 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit weight was found in RCCG-07 (900.3±57.5 g), pulp in RCCG-05 (74.0±2.2%), and juice content in RCCG-14 (49.5±2.8%).”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-05 had the highest pulp proportion, 74.0±2.2%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit weight was found in RCCG-07 (900.3±57.5 g), pulp in RCCG-05 (74.0±2.2%), and juice content in RCCG-14 (49.5±2.8%).”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-14 had the highest juice content, 49.5±2.8%.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-14e0
- Outcome
- juice contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 49.5±2.8%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit weight was found in RCCG-07 (900.3±57.5 g), pulp in RCCG-05 (74.0±2.2%), and juice content in RCCG-14 (49.5±2.8%).”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-07 had maximum TSS of 11.1±0.4%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum TSS (11.1±0.4%) and total carbohydrates (44.6±2.7 mg glucose/ml) were recorded in RCCG-07; vitamin C (97.6±2.9 mg/100 ml) and carotenoids (140.1±7.1 µg/100 ml) in RCGH-06.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-07 had maximum total carbohydrates of 44.6±2.7 mg glucose/ml.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-07e0
- Outcome
- total carbohydratese0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 44.6±2.7 mg glucose/mle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum TSS (11.1±0.4%) and total carbohydrates (44.6±2.7 mg glucose/ml) were recorded in RCCG-07; vitamin C (97.6±2.9 mg/100 ml) and carotenoids (140.1±7.1 µg/100 ml) in RCGH-06.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCGH-06 had maximum vitamin C of 97.6±2.9 mg/100 ml.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCGH-06e0
- Outcome
- vitamin Ce0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 97.6±2.9 mg/100 mle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum TSS (11.1±0.4%) and total carbohydrates (44.6±2.7 mg glucose/ml) were recorded in RCCG-07; vitamin C (97.6±2.9 mg/100 ml) and carotenoids (140.1±7.1 µg/100 ml) in RCGH-06.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCGH-06 had maximum carotenoids of 140.1±7.1 µg/100 ml.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCGH-06e0
- Outcome
- carotenoidse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 140.1±7.1 µg/100 mle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum TSS (11.1±0.4%) and total carbohydrates (44.6±2.7 mg glucose/ml) were recorded in RCCG-07; vitamin C (97.6±2.9 mg/100 ml) and carotenoids (140.1±7.1 µg/100 ml) in RCGH-06.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-09 had maximum total phenolic content.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-09e0
- Outcome
- total phenolic contente0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, total phenolic content was obtained the maximum in RCCG-09, total flavonoid in RCCG-05, FRAP in RCCG-08, and pulp a* value in RCCG-06.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-05 had maximum total flavonoid.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-05e0
- Outcome
- total flavonoide0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, total phenolic content was obtained the maximum in RCCG-09, total flavonoid in RCCG-05, FRAP in RCCG-08, and pulp a* value in RCCG-06.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-08 had maximum FRAP.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-08e0
- Outcome
- FRAPe0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, total phenolic content was obtained the maximum in RCCG-09, total flavonoid in RCCG-05, FRAP in RCCG-08, and pulp a* value in RCCG-06.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-06 had maximum pulp a* value.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-06e0
- Outcome
- pulp a* valuee0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, total phenolic content was obtained the maximum in RCCG-09, total flavonoid in RCCG-05, FRAP in RCCG-08, and pulp a* value in RCCG-06.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid, carotenoids and flavonoids significantly contributed to antioxidant properties.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Compound
- ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and flavonoidse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant propertiese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The correlation indicated that ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and flavonoids contributed significantly to the antioxidant properties of this fruit.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
White-fleshed genotypes had higher weight, pulp and juice content.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- white-fleshed genotypese0
- Outcome
- fruit weight, pulp, and juice contente0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was also found that the white-fleshed genotypes had higher fruit weight, pulp, and juice content, with fewer seeds.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
White-fleshed genotypes had fewer seeds.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- white-fleshed genotypese0
- Outcome
- seedse0
- Direction
- fewere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was also found that the white-fleshed genotypes had higher fruit weight, pulp, and juice content, with fewer seeds.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
Red-fleshed genotypes had higher biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation quality, possibly associated with higher seed number.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- red-fleshed genotypese0
- Outcome
- biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- such traits may be associated with a higher seed numbere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The quality attributes, including biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation, were higher in red-fleshed genotypes; however, such traits may be associated with a higher seed number.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-05 is recommended for breeding, popularisation and processing.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-05e0
- Outcome
- incorporation in breeding programmes, popularisation, and processing industriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, RCCG-05 (white-fleshed) and red-fleshed genotypes (RCCG-06 and RCCG-07) with higher fruit weight, pulp, and biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation quality, can be ideal genotypes suitable for incorporation in breeding programmes, popularisation, and processing industries.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-06 is recommended for breeding, popularisation and processing.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-06e0
- Outcome
- incorporation in breeding programmes, popularisation, and processing industriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, RCCG-05 (white-fleshed) and red-fleshed genotypes (RCCG-06 and RCCG-07) with higher fruit weight, pulp, and biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation quality, can be ideal genotypes suitable for incorporation in breeding programmes, popularisation, and processing industries.”
t0“pummelo”
Claim · model-written summary
RCCG-07 is recommended for breeding, popularisation and processing.
- Taxon
- pummeloCitrus maximat0
- Material
- RCCG-07e0
- Outcome
- incorporation in breeding programmes, popularisation, and processing industriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, RCCG-05 (white-fleshed) and red-fleshed genotypes (RCCG-06 and RCCG-07) with higher fruit weight, pulp, and biochemical, antioxidant and pigmentation quality, can be ideal genotypes suitable for incorporation in breeding programmes, popularisation, and processing industries.”
t0“pummelo”