Abstract
Nicotiana benthamiana is a crucial model organism, widely used in gene study and molecular farming industry. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), which function as plant-specific calcium sensors, play critical roles in mediating plant growth and their response to diverse stress through their interactions with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). Although CBLs and CIPKs have been identified in various species, their special characteristics in N. benthamiana remain limited. We identified 17 CBLs and 48 CIPKs in N. benthamiana , which were classified into 4 and 7 distinct clades, respectively, each exhibiting conserved motif and gene structures, based on their phylogenetic analyses. Segmental duplications were identified as a major driver for duplication patterns, both NbCBLs and NbCIPKs were unevenly distributed across 19 chromosomes and exhibited a relatively weak codon usage bias, shaped by both mutational and selective pressures. The expression levels of NbCBLs and NbCIPKs varied across distinct tissues, and influenced by viral infection. Furthermore, silencing of NbCBL10 increased viral susceptibility. Collectively, these findings not only provided novel insights into the functional exploration of the CBL - CIPK molecule, but also offered a valuable resource for antiviral genetic enhancement. • Genome-wide characterization 17 CBL and 48 CIPK members in tobacco ( Nicotiana benthamiana ). • Evolutionary relationships of CBLs and CIPKs in monocots and dicots were comprehensively analyzed. • A set of NbCBLs and NbCIPKs , including NbCBL10 , were importantly induced in response to viral infection. • Silencing of NbCBL10 promoted tomato yellow leaf curl virus (harboring single-stranded, ssDNA) and bamboo mosaic virus (harboring single-stranded RNA, ssRNA) accumulation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
N. benthamiana has 17 CBL and 48 CIPK genes.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianat0 - Gene
- CBLse1
- Outcome
- identifiede1
- Value
- 17 CBLs and 48 CIPKse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e1“We identified 17 CBLs and 48 CIPKs in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
The N. benthamiana CBLs and CIPKs fall into 4 and 7 distinct clades.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Outcome
- cladese1
- Value
- 4 and 7e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e1“which were classified into 4 and 7 distinct clades”
Claim · model-written summary
Segmental duplications are a major driver of the duplication patterns of N. benthamiana CBL and CIPK genes.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Outcome
- duplication patternse2
- Qualifier
- as a major drivere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e2“Segmental duplications were identified as a major driver for duplication patterns”
Claim · model-written summary
NbCBLs and NbCIPKs are unevenly distributed across 19 chromosomes.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Gene
- NbCBLs and NbCIPKse3
- Outcome
- unevenly distributede3
- Value
- 19 chromosomese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e3“NbCBLs and NbCIPKs were unevenly distributed across 19 chromosomes”
Claim · model-written summary
NbCBLs and NbCIPKs have a relatively weak codon usage bias.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Outcome
- codon usage biase4
- Qualifier
- relatively weake4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e4“exhibited a relatively weak codon usage bias”
Claim · model-written summary
The codon usage bias of NbCBLs and NbCIPKs is shaped by mutational and selective pressures.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Outcome
- codon usage biase5
- Qualifier
- shaped by both mutational and selective pressurese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e5“exhibited a relatively weak codon usage bias, shaped by both mutational and selective pressures”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression levels of NbCBLs and NbCIPKs vary across distinct tissues.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Organ / stage
- distinct tissuese6
- Gene
- NbCBLs and NbCIPKse6
- Outcome
- expression levelse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e6“The expression levels of NbCBLs and NbCIPKs varied across distinct tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Viral infection induced NbCBLs and NbCIPKs, including NbCBL10.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Treatment
- viral infectione7
- Gene
- NbCBL10e7
- Outcome
- NbCBLs and NbCIPKse7
- Direction
- inducede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e7“A set of NbCBLs and NbCIPKs , including NbCBL10 , were importantly induced in response to viral infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of NbCBL10 increased viral susceptibility of N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Treatment
- silencing of NbCBL10e1
- Gene
- NbCBL10e1
- Outcome
- viral susceptibilitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e1“silencing of NbCBL10 increased viral susceptibility”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of NbCBL10 promoted accumulation of tomato yellow leaf curl virus in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Treatment
- Silencing of NbCBL10e1
- Interactor
- tomato yellow leaf curl virusTomato yellow leaf curl viruse1pathogen
- Gene
- NbCBL10e1
- Outcome
- accumulatione1
- Direction
- promotede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e1“Silencing of NbCBL10 promoted tomato yellow leaf curl virus (harboring single-stranded, ssDNA) and bamboo mosaic virus (harboring single-stranded RNA, ssRNA) accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of NbCBL10 promoted accumulation of bamboo mosaic virus in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Treatment
- Silencing of NbCBL10e1
- Interactor
- bamboo mosaic virus
.jpg?width=60)
Bamboo mosaic viruse1pathogen - Gene
- NbCBL10e1
- Outcome
- accumulatione1
- Direction
- promotede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
e1“Silencing of NbCBL10 promoted tomato yellow leaf curl virus (harboring single-stranded, ssDNA) and bamboo mosaic virus (harboring single-stranded RNA, ssRNA) accumulation”
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