Abstract
Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality. This study evaluates the synergistic effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens KACC17029 and salicylic acid (SA) in promoting cucumber growth, enhancing internal defense mechanisms, and modulating rhizosphere microbial communities under pathogen stress. Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SA restricted fungal mycelial growth by 24.31% in vitro, while significantly improving phenotypic traits such as leaf area (101.26 cm²) and fresh weight (38.2 g) and reducing lesion size by 83.79% in greenhouse conditions. Activities of key defense-related enzymes, including polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, were elevated up to 4.3-fold and 6-fold, respectively. Expression of defense-related genes (PR1, LecRK6.1) was significantly upregulated. Microbiome profiling revealed increased abundance of beneficial taxa such as Trichoderma , Noviherbaspirillum , and Candida , alongside suppression of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium . These findings demonstrate that the co-inoculation strategy significantly boosts cucumber health and growth by activating internal plant defense and shaping the rhizosphere. This eco-friendly, biologically based approach offer sustainable alternative to crop protection and integrated disease management.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and salicylic acid restricted fungal mycelial growth by 24.31% in vitro.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SAe1
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Sclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen - Second interactor
- B. amyloliquefaciens
.jpg?width=60)
Bacillus amyloliquefaciense1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- fungal mycelial growthe1
- Direction
- restrictede1
- Value
- 24.31%e1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e1“Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SA restricted fungal mycelial growth by 24.31% in vitro, while significantly improving phenotypic traits such as leaf area (101.26 cm²) and fresh weight (38.2 g) and reducing lesion size by 83.79% in greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and salicylic acid significantly improved cucumber leaf area to 101.26 cm² in greenhouse conditions.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SAe1
- Outcome
- leaf areae1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Value
- 101.26 cm²e1
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e1“Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SA restricted fungal mycelial growth by 24.31% in vitro, while significantly improving phenotypic traits such as leaf area (101.26 cm²) and fresh weight (38.2 g) and reducing lesion size by 83.79% in greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and salicylic acid significantly improved cucumber fresh weight to 38.2 g in greenhouse conditions.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SAe1
- Outcome
- fresh weighte1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Value
- 38.2 ge1
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e1“Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SA restricted fungal mycelial growth by 24.31% in vitro, while significantly improving phenotypic traits such as leaf area (101.26 cm²) and fresh weight (38.2 g) and reducing lesion size by 83.79% in greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and salicylic acid reduced cucumber lesion size by 83.79% in greenhouse conditions.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SAe1
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- B. amyloliquefaciensBacillus amyloliquefaciense1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion sizee1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Value
- 83.79%e1
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e1“Co-application of B. amyloliquefaciens and SA restricted fungal mycelial growth by 24.31% in vitro, while significantly improving phenotypic traits such as leaf area (101.26 cm²) and fresh weight (38.2 g) and reducing lesion size by 83.79% in greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyphenol oxidase activity was elevated up to 4.3-fold in cucumber.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Gene
- polyphenol oxidasee2
- Outcome
- Activities of key defense-related enzymese2
- Direction
- elevatede2
- Value
- up to 4.3-folde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e2“Activities of key defense-related enzymes, including polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, were elevated up to 4.3-fold and 6-fold, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Peroxidase activity was elevated 6-fold in cucumber.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Gene
- peroxidasee2
- Outcome
- Activities of key defense-related enzymese2
- Direction
- elevatede2
- Value
- 6-folde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e2“Activities of key defense-related enzymes, including polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, were elevated up to 4.3-fold and 6-fold, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of the defense-related genes PR1 and LecRK6.1 was significantly upregulated in cucumber.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Gene
- PR1, LecRK6.1e3
- Outcome
- Expression of defense-related genese3
- Direction
- upregulatede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e3“Expression of defense-related genes (PR1, LecRK6.1) was significantly upregulated”
Claim · model-written summary
Beneficial taxa such as Trichoderma and Noviherbaspirillum increased in abundance in the cucumber rhizosphere.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae4other - Second interactor
- Noviherbaspirillum
Noviherbaspirillume4other - Outcome
- abundance of beneficial taxae4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- Candidae4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e4“Microbiome profiling revealed increased abundance of beneficial taxa such as Trichoderma , Noviherbaspirillum , and Candida , alongside suppression of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application suppressed the pathogenic fungus Fusarium in the cucumber microbiome.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- pathogenic fungus Fusariume4
- Direction
- suppressione4
FusariumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e4“Microbiome profiling revealed increased abundance of beneficial taxa such as Trichoderma , Noviherbaspirillum , and Candida , alongside suppression of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation is interpreted to boost cucumber health and growth by activating internal plant defense and shaping the rhizosphere.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- cucumber health and growthe5
- Qualifier
- by activating internal plant defense and shaping the rhizospheree5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e5“These findings demonstrate that the co-inoculation strategy significantly boosts cucumber health and growth by activating internal plant defense and shaping the rhizosphere”
Claim · model-written summary
The co-application approach is recommended as a sustainable alternative to crop protection and integrated disease management.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- sustainable alternative to crop protection and integrated disease managemente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide but is highly vulnerable to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a destructive fungal pathogen that affect both yield and quality”
e6“This eco-friendly, biologically based approach offer sustainable alternative to crop protection and integrated disease management”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results differ
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →cobalt atom · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.