Abstract
Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) production, especially in areas where saltwater intrusion is present and brackish water is used for irrigation. This study evaluated salinity tolerance in cucumber cultivars across three growth stages—germination, seedling, and vegetative—using various concentrations of brackish water ranging from 0 to 31 dS·m -1 . Germination results revealed distinct cultivar responses, with ‘Diva’ performing well and ‘Striped Armenian’ showing poor emergence. However, at the seedling and vegetative stages, ‘Striped Armenian’ consistently outperformed others under salinity stress, maintaining higher survival, shoot growth, and stress tolerance indices. In contrast, cultivars such as ‘Diva’ and ‘H-19 Little Leaf’ were more sensitive at later stages despite good early germination. Brackish water concentrations above 6 dS·m -1 led to significant reductions in biomass and shoot traits, with complete seedling mortality observed at 22 dS·m -1 . At the vegetative stage, increasing salinity resulted in reduced shoot length, dry weight, and gas exchange parameters, including stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesis, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration. While intrinsic water use efficiency increased under severe stress, it did not consistently indicate overall tolerance. The contrasting performance of cultivars across stages underscores the complexity of salinity responses. Cultivar ‘Striped Armenian’ consistent resilience suggests its potential for use in areas where saltwater intrusion is a problem. These findings emphasize the importance of stage-specific screening and the integration of physiological traits to accurately identify salt-tolerant cultivars. This approach provides a reliable strategy for improving cucumber productivity under saline conditions and supports breeding efforts targeting stress-resilient varieties.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Diva showed good emergence during germination under salinity.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Material
- ‘Diva’e0
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- performing welle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination results revealed distinct cultivar responses, with ‘Diva’ performing well and ‘Striped Armenian’ showing poor emergence.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Striped Armenian showed poor emergence during germination under salinity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Striped Armenian’e0
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- poore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination results revealed distinct cultivar responses, with ‘Diva’ performing well and ‘Striped Armenian’ showing poor emergence.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Striped Armenian had higher survival, shoot growth and stress tolerance indices than other cultivars at seedling and vegetative stages under salinity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Striped Armenian’e0
- Outcome
- survival, shoot growth, and stress tolerance indicese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at the seedling and vegetative stages, ‘Striped Armenian’ consistently outperformed others under salinity stress, maintaining higher survival, shoot growth, and stress tolerance indices.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Diva was more sensitive to salinity at later stages despite early germination.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Diva’e0
- Organ / stage
- later stagese0
- Outcome
- sensitivee0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivars such as ‘Diva’ and ‘H-19 Little Leaf’ were more sensitive at later stages despite good early germination.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
H-19 Little Leaf was more sensitive to salinity at later stages despite early germination.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘H-19 Little Leaf’e0
- Organ / stage
- later stagese0
- Outcome
- sensitivee0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivars such as ‘Diva’ and ‘H-19 Little Leaf’ were more sensitive at later stages despite good early germination.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Brackish water above 6 dS·m -1 significantly reduced cucumber biomass and shoot traits.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Brackish water concentrations above 6 dS·m -1e0
- Outcome
- biomass and shoot traitse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brackish water concentrations above 6 dS·m -1 led to significant reductions in biomass and shoot traits”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling mortality was complete at salinity of 22 dS·m -1.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 22 dS·m -1e0
- Outcome
- seedling mortalitye0
- Direction
- completee0
- Value
- 22 dS·m -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“complete seedling mortality observed at 22 dS·m -1”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity reduced vegetative cucumber shoot length and dry weight.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagee0
- Treatment
- increasing salinitye0
- Outcome
- shoot length, dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the vegetative stage, increasing salinity resulted in reduced shoot length, dry weight, and gas exchange parameters, including stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesis, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity reduced stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis in vegetative cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagee0
- Treatment
- increasing salinitye0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesise0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the vegetative stage, increasing salinity resulted in reduced shoot length, dry weight, and gas exchange parameters, including stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesis, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity reduced intercellular carbon dioxide concentration in vegetative cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagee0
- Treatment
- increasing salinitye0
- Outcome
- intercellular carbon dioxide concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the vegetative stage, increasing salinity resulted in reduced shoot length, dry weight, and gas exchange parameters, including stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesis, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Intrinsic water use efficiency rose under severe salinity, but did not consistently indicate tolerance.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- severe stresse0
- Outcome
- intrinsic water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- did not consistently indicate overall tolerancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“While intrinsic water use efficiency increased under severe stress, it did not consistently indicate overall tolerance.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose Striped Armenian for cultivation where saltwater intrusion occurs.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Striped Armenian’e0
- Outcome
- potential for use in areas where saltwater intrusion is a probleme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivar ‘Striped Armenian’ consistent resilience suggests its potential for use in areas where saltwater intrusion is a problem.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend stage-specific screening and physiological traits to identify salt-tolerant cucumber cultivars.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- stage-specific screening and the integration of physiological traitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These findings emphasize the importance of stage-specific screening and the integration of physiological traits to accurately identify salt-tolerant cultivars.”
t0“cucumber”
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