Abstract
Background: Nickel (Ni) is a toxic heavy metal and causes human health risks as well as plant abnormalities. The present study aimed to determine morpho-anatomical features of Cucurbita pepo L. var. fastigata under combined drought and Ni stress in greenhouse experiment.Methods: Seedlings were treated with four irrigation levels to induce drought stress 14 ml, 11.2 ml, 8.4 ml and 5.6 ml (abbreviated as S0, S1, S2 and S3) along with 25 ppm of Nickel.Results: The results were analyzed after 5th and 10th days and data revealed that seed germination rate and stem diameter was significantly (P≤ 0.05) increased while stem length, root length, root diameter, the number of secondary roots, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight were decreased. Among anatomical characteristics epidermis, xylem, phloem tissues, cortex, trichomes, medullary rays, endodermis, pericycle, palisade, mesophyll cells, and stem mid rib were adversely affected under water stress (S1 and S2) while plants under combined Ni stress showed significant (P≤ 0.05) reduction in cortex diameter, and increase in epidermis thickness, vascular bundles size except for S3 treatment level.Conclusion: It was concluded that combined drought and Ni stress positively affected the morphological features (roots, stem length, and leaf area) of the Cucurbita pepo plant as compared to separate water and Ni stress, preventing plant wilting.Keywords: Nickel, drought stress, anatomy, morphology, Cucurbita pepo L.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Seed germination rate and stem diameter of Cucurbita pepo significantly increased under combined drought and Ni stress.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita pepo L.
Cucurbita pepot0 - Treatment
- Combined Drought and Nickel Stresst0
- Outcome
- seed germination rate and stem diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbita pepo L. in Response to Combined Drought and Nickel Stress”
e0“seed germination rate and stem diameter was significantly (P≤ 0.05) increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem length, root length and root diameter decreased under combined drought and Ni stress.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita pepo L.Cucurbita pepot0
- Treatment
- Combined Drought and Nickel Stresst0
- Outcome
- stem length, root length, root diametere1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbita pepo L. in Response to Combined Drought and Nickel Stress”
e1“stem length, root length, root diameter, the number of secondary roots, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight were decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Number of secondary roots, leaf area and fresh weight decreased under combined drought and Ni stress.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita pepo L.Cucurbita pepot0
- Treatment
- Combined Drought and Nickel Stresst0
- Outcome
- the number of secondary roots, leaf area, fresh weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbita pepo L. in Response to Combined Drought and Nickel Stress”
e1“stem length, root length, root diameter, the number of secondary roots, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight were decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weight decreased under combined drought and Ni stress.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita pepo L.Cucurbita pepot0
- Treatment
- Combined Drought and Nickel Stresst0
- Outcome
- dry weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbita pepo L. in Response to Combined Drought and Nickel Stress”
e1“stem length, root length, root diameter, the number of secondary roots, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight were decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants under combined Ni stress showed a significant reduction in cortex diameter.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita pepo L.Cucurbita pepot0
- Organ / stage
- cortexe2
- Treatment
- combined Ni stresse2
- Outcome
- cortex diametere2
- Direction
- reductione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbita pepo L. in Response to Combined Drought and Nickel Stress”
e2“plants under combined Ni stress showed significant (P≤ 0.05) reduction in cortex diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
Epidermis thickness and vascular bundle size increased under combined Ni stress except at the S3 level.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita pepo L.Cucurbita pepot0
- Treatment
- Combined Drought and Nickel Stresst0
- Outcome
- epidermis thickness, vascular bundles sizee3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Qualifier
- except for S3 treatment levele3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbita pepo L. in Response to Combined Drought and Nickel Stress”
e3“increase in epidermis thickness, vascular bundles size except for S3 treatment level”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined drought and Ni stress positively affected roots, stem length and leaf area of Cucurbita pepo compared with separate water and Ni stress.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita pepoCucurbita pepoe4
- Treatment
- combined drought and Ni stresse4
- Outcome
- morphological features (roots, stem length, and leaf area)e4
- Direction
- positively affectede4
- Comparator
- separate water and Ni stresse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“combined drought and Ni stress positively affected the morphological features (roots, stem length, and leaf area) of the Cucurbita pepo plant as compared to separate water and Ni stress”
The same questions in other papers
nickel atom · growth · Cucurbita pepoPositive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
drought · growth · Cucurbita pepoPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
heavy metal · growth · Cucurbita pepoPositive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.