Abstract
Salinity is a significant challenge for grapevines growing in arid and semiarid regions. In this study, ‘Castellana Negra’ plants were subjected to NaCl stress (90 mM) for 75 days and treated with silicon (Si) and proline to evaluate their potential in mitigating the effects of salinity. Si was administered through irrigation, while proline was applied as a foliar spray. Analysis of the results ( P < 0.05) indicated that salt stress reduced leaf fresh weight (75%), but Si and proline limited this reduction (57% and 54%, respectively, compared to control). Also, Si improved total chlorophyll (chl t, 46%) and carotenoids (car, 49%), while proline increased chl t (72%) and car (52%), compared to their levels in only NaCl-stressed plants. Additionally, salt stress increased abscisic acid (ABA) in 39%, but Si maintained its levels, and proline reduced it (42%) in comparison to control. Similar trends were observed for salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, where Si and proline helped normalize their levels. Moreover, salt exposure raised Na + concentrations; however, Si and proline reduced this accumulation. Overall, data show that Si and proline can regulate hormonal, nutritional and physiological processes, and may be considered promising tools for enhancing grapevine resilience to salinity.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced leaf fresh weight by 75%.
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e0“indicated that salt stress reduced leaf fresh weight (75%), but Si and proline limited this reduction (57% and 54%, respectively, compared to control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon limited the reduction in leaf fresh weight under salt stress, to 57% relative to control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e0“indicated that salt stress reduced leaf fresh weight (75%), but Si and proline limited this reduction (57% and 54%, respectively, compared to control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline limited the reduction in leaf fresh weight under salt stress, to 54% relative to control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e0“indicated that salt stress reduced leaf fresh weight (75%), but Si and proline limited this reduction (57% and 54%, respectively, compared to control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon improved total chlorophyll content by 46% relative to NaCl-stressed plants.
- Treatment
- Sie1
- Outcome
- total chlorophylle1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Value
- 46%e1
- Comparator
- NaCl-stressed plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e1“Also, Si improved total chlorophyll (chl t, 46%) and carotenoids (car, 49%), while proline increased chl t (72%) and car (52%), compared to their levels in only NaCl-stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon improved carotenoid content by 49% relative to NaCl-stressed plants.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e1“Also, Si improved total chlorophyll (chl t, 46%) and carotenoids (car, 49%), while proline increased chl t (72%) and car (52%), compared to their levels in only NaCl-stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline increased total chlorophyll content by 72% relative to NaCl-stressed plants.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e1“Also, Si improved total chlorophyll (chl t, 46%) and carotenoids (car, 49%), while proline increased chl t (72%) and car (52%), compared to their levels in only NaCl-stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline increased carotenoid content by 52% relative to NaCl-stressed plants.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e1“Also, Si improved total chlorophyll (chl t, 46%) and carotenoids (car, 49%), while proline increased chl t (72%) and car (52%), compared to their levels in only NaCl-stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased abscisic acid by 39%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e2“salt stress increased abscisic acid (ABA) in 39%, but Si maintained its levels, and proline reduced it (42%) in comparison to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon maintained abscisic acid levels under salt stress.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e2“salt stress increased abscisic acid (ABA) in 39%, but Si maintained its levels, and proline reduced it (42%) in comparison to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline reduced abscisic acid by 42% relative to control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e2“salt stress increased abscisic acid (ABA) in 39%, but Si maintained its levels, and proline reduced it (42%) in comparison to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and proline helped normalize salicylic acid and jasmonic acid levels under salt stress.
- Treatment
- Si and prolinee3
- Compound
- salicylic acid and jasmonic acide3
- Outcome
- their levelse3
- Direction
- helped normalizee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e3“Similar trends were observed for salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, where Si and proline helped normalize their levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt exposure raised Na+ concentrations in grapevine.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e4“salt exposure raised Na + concentrations; however, Si and proline reduced this accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and proline reduced Na+ accumulation under salt exposure.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine ‘castellana negra’”
e4“salt exposure raised Na + concentrations; however, Si and proline reduced this accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and proline may be promising tools for enhancing grapevine resilience to salinity.
- Outcome
- grapevine resilience to salinitye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“may be considered promising tools for enhancing grapevine resilience to salinity”
The same questions in other papers
proline · molecular: metabolites · VitisPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
proline · growth · VitisPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
silicon atom · growth · VitisResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
silicon atom · molecular: metabolites · VitisResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
silicon atom · physiology: pigments · VitisResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
salinity · growth · VitisResults differ
24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- negative
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.