Abstract
• Serratia marcescens LYGN1 enhances cucumber seedling vigor by 53.2–161 % , improving root activity, biomass, and nutrient uptake through elevated soil enzymatic activities (urease, phosphatase) and nutrient cycling. • LYGN1 reshapes substrate microbial communities , enriching beneficial genera ( Sphingopyxis, Serratia , rhizobia) and suppressing pathogens ( Ralstonia, Burkholderia ) via metabolite-mediated interactions. • Functional predictions reveal LYGN1-driven metabolic shifts , enhancing nitrogen/phosphorus metabolism, stress tolerance, and chlorophyll synthesis, critical for optimizing industrial seedling production systems. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) offers significant potential for enhancing crop productivity. Our previous study demonstrated Serratia marcescens LYGN1 could improve cucumber seedlings growth, though its mechanism remains incompletely understood. This study evaluated LYGN1 and its cell-free metabolites on cucumber seedlings in artificial substrates using four treatments: sterile water (CK), sterile medium (CM), bacterial suspension (TB), and cell-free filtrate (TF). Both TB and TF dramatically improved seedling performance, TF increased vigor index by 38.21 % and 100.15 % compared with CK at two sequential timepoints, while TB and TF elevated root vitality by 130.03 % and 110.12 %, respectively. Metabolite application comparably enhanced biomass, root architecture, and nutrient acquisition to that of live bacteria. Crucially, LYGN1 restructured the rhizosphere microbiome, enriching beneficial genera ( Sphingopyxis, Brevundimonas, Serratia ) and affect nitrogen/phosphorus metabolism via elevated enzyme activities. Metabolomic profiling identified auxin IAA and diverse bioactive compounds including alkaloids, organic acids in cell-free supernatant of LYGN1. These findings demonstrate that LYGN1-derived metabolites directly stimulate plant growth and indirectly optimize the rhizosphere microenvironment, positioning them as effective biostimulants for sustainable seedling production systems.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Serratia marcescens LYGN1 enhanced cucumber seedling vigor by 53.2–161 %.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse1 - Treatment
- Serratia marcescens LYGN1e1
- Outcome
- seedling vigore1
- Direction
- enhancese1
- Value
- 53.2–161 %e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Serratia marcescens LYGN1 enhances cucumber seedling vigor by 53.2–161 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell-free filtrate increased vigor index by 38.21 % at one timepoint against CK.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“TF increased vigor index by 38.21 % and 100.15 % compared with CK at two sequential timepoints”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell-free filtrate increased vigor index by 100.15 % at the second timepoint against CK.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“TF increased vigor index by 38.21 % and 100.15 % compared with CK at two sequential timepoints”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial suspension elevated root vitality by 130.03 %.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e1“TB and TF elevated root vitality by 130.03 % and 110.12 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell-free filtrate elevated root vitality by 110.12 %.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e1“TB and TF elevated root vitality by 130.03 % and 110.12 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Metabolite application enhanced biomass, root architecture, and nutrient acquisition comparably to live bacteria.
- Treatment
- Metabolite applicatione1
- Outcome
- biomass, root architecture, and nutrient acquisitione1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- live bacteriae1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“Metabolite application comparably enhanced biomass, root architecture, and nutrient acquisition to that of live bacteria”
Claim · model-written summary
LYGN1 enriched beneficial rhizosphere genera.
- Interactor
- Sphingopyxis, Brevundimonas, Serratiae1
- Outcome
- rhizosphere microbiomee1
- Direction
- enrichinge1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“LYGN1 restructured the rhizosphere microbiome, enriching beneficial genera ( Sphingopyxis, Brevundimonas, Serratia )”
Claim · model-written summary
LYGN1 suppressed Ralstonia and Burkholderia.
- Interactor
- Ralstonia, Burkholderia
Burkholderia
Ralstoniae1 - Outcome
- pathogense1
- Direction
- suppressinge1
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“suppressing pathogens ( Ralstonia, Burkholderia )”
Claim · model-written summary
LYGN1 altered nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism through elevated enzyme activities.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“affect nitrogen/phosphorus metabolism via elevated enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell-free supernatant contained auxin IAA, alkaloids and organic acids.
- Material
- cell-free supernatant of LYGN1e1
- Outcome
- auxin IAA and diverse bioactive compounds including alkaloids, organic acidse1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“Metabolomic profiling identified auxin IAA and diverse bioactive compounds including alkaloids, organic acids in cell-free supernatant of LYGN1”
The same questions in other papers
Serratia marcescens · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.