Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) production is severely affected by bacterial wilt, a destructive disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, which poses a significant challenge to growers worldwide. This study aimed to develop powdered formulations of Bacillus velezensis MSU01 and evaluate their efficacy in controlling the disease and enhancing plant growth. Laboratory evaluation using the agar well diffusion assay demonstrated strong antagonistic activity of B. velezensis MSU01 against R. solanacearum, with an inhibition zone of 13.8 mm. Three powder formulations-talcum-based, corn starch-based, and kaolin-based were prepared and evaluated for physicochemical properties, bacterial viability during storage, seed germination, and disease control efficacy. All formulations showed excellent solubility and stable pH (7.03-8.67), with initial moisture contents ranging from 0.20%-2.17%. After 60 days of storage at room temperature, the kaolin-based formulation maintained the highest viable cell count (6.30 ± 0.30 log CFU/g), while the corn starch-based formulation showed the highest moisture content (5.24 ± 0.30%). The corn starch-based formulation most effectively reduced bacterial wilt, lowering disease incidence to 10.00 ± 0.00% and severity to 5.33 ± 4.16%, outperforming the chemical control (streptomycin). Seed germination rates were highest with the talcum-based formulation (96.67 ± 5.77%), comparable to the positive control and significantly greater than the negative control. Although shoot and root lengths did not differ significantly among treatments, all B. velezensis MSU01 formulations enhanced plant growth compared to the pathogen-only treatment. Overall, the corn starch-based formulation showed the greatest potential as a sustainable and efficient biocontrol agent for managing bacterial wilt in tomato.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
B. velezensis MSU01 inhibited R. solanacearum in an agar assay with a 13.8 mm zone.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Interactor
- R. solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen - Second interactor
- B. velezensis MSU01
Bacillus velezensise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- inhibition zonee0
- Value
- 13.8 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. velezensis MSU01 against R. solanacearum, with an inhibition zone of 13.8 mm”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
All formulations had stable pH between 7.03 and 8.67.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- stable pHe0
- Value
- 7.03-8.67e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All formulations showed excellent solubility and stable pH (7.03-8.67)”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Initial formulation moisture ranged from 0.20% to 2.17%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- moisture contentse0
- Value
- 0.20%-2.17%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“initial moisture contents ranging from 0.20%-2.17%”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Kaolin formulation had the highest viable count after 60 days.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- kaolin-based formulatione0
- Outcome
- viable cell counte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 6.30 ± 0.30 log CFU/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 60 days of storage at room temperature, the kaolin-based formulation maintained the highest viable cell count (6.30 ± 0.30 log CFU/g)”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn starch formulation had the highest moisture after storage.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- corn starch-based formulatione0
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.24 ± 0.30%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the corn starch-based formulation showed the highest moisture content (5.24 ± 0.30%)”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn starch formulation reduced wilt incidence to 10.00 ± 0.00%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- corn starch-based formulatione0
- Outcome
- bacterial wilt, lowering disease incidencee0
- Direction
- loweringe0
- Value
- 10.00 ± 0.00%e0
- Comparator
- chemical control (streptomycin)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The corn starch-based formulation most effectively reduced bacterial wilt, lowering disease incidence to 10.00 ± 0.00% and severity to 5.33 ± 4.16%, outperforming the chemical control (streptomycin)”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn starch formulation reduced wilt severity to 5.33 ± 4.16%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- corn starch-based formulatione0
- Outcome
- bacterial wilt, lowering disease incidence to 10.00 ± 0.00% and severitye0
- Direction
- loweringe0
- Value
- 5.33 ± 4.16%e0
- Comparator
- chemical control (streptomycin)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The corn starch-based formulation most effectively reduced bacterial wilt, lowering disease incidence to 10.00 ± 0.00% and severity to 5.33 ± 4.16%, outperforming the chemical control (streptomycin)”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Talcum formulation achieved the highest seed germination rate of 96.67 ± 5.77%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- talcum-based formulatione0
- Outcome
- Seed germination ratese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 96.67 ± 5.77%e0
- Comparator
- negative controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed germination rates were highest with the talcum-based formulation (96.67 ± 5.77%), comparable to the positive control and significantly greater than the negative control”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot and root lengths did not differ significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- shoot and root lengthse0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Comparator
- among treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot and root lengths did not differ significantly among treatments”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
All Bacillus formulations improved growth versus the pathogen-only treatment.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- B. velezensis MSU01 formulationse0
- Interactor
- B. velezensis MSU01Bacillus velezensise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- pathogen-only treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all B. velezensis MSU01 formulations enhanced plant growth compared to the pathogen-only treatment”
t0“Tomato”
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.