Abstract
Traditional clean tillage in peach orchards leads to soil degradation and nitrogen (N) loss. While inter-row grassing can optimize N cycling, the specific rhizosphere microbial mechanisms involved have not been fully understood. This study investigated how different inter-row grassing modes influence N availability through microbial communities in a peach orchard. The experiment included a monoculture of Trifolium repens L. (Tr), a monoculture of Lolium perenne L. (Pr), their mixture (TPr), and clean tillage (CK). By combining soil physicochemical analyses, metagenomic sequencing, functional gene quantification, and multivariate statistics, the study systematically examined the impacts of inter-row grassing modes on soil N cycling. The results showed that inter-row grassing modes played a significant role in reshaping N processes. Pr enhanced mineralization and nitrification, increasing inorganic N through specific genes (amoA, hao). Tr, on the other hand, promoted diazotrophs (Bradyrhizobium) and dissimilatory nitrate-reducing bacteria, enhancing biological N fixation and retention. TPr combined these benefits, leading to enhanced nitrification, increased labile carbon, and elevated enzyme activities, creating a complex microbe–gene network that mediated nitrification and denitrification. Overall, inter-row grassing modulates rhizosphere functions by enhancing N cycling through a “carbon input–microbial regulation” mechanism, offering an effective strategy for improving N use efficiency and promoting sustainable orchard management.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Inter-row grassing significantly reshaped soil nitrogen processes.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicae1 - Treatment
- inter-row grassing modese0
- Outcome
- N processese0
- Comparator
- clean tillage (CK)e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inter-row grassing modes played a significant role in reshaping N processes”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“clean tillage (CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lolium perenne grassing enhanced mineralization and nitrification and increased inorganic nitrogen.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- Pre0
- Gene
- amoA, haoe0
- Outcome
- mineralization and nitrificatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- clean tillage (CK)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pr enhanced mineralization and nitrification, increasing inorganic N through specific genes (amoA, hao)”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“clean tillage (CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lolium perenne grassing increased inorganic nitrogen.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- Pre0
- Outcome
- inorganic Ne0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- clean tillage (CK)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pr enhanced mineralization and nitrification, increasing inorganic N through specific genes (amoA, hao)”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“clean tillage (CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifolium repens grassing promoted Bradyrhizobium diazotrophs and nitrate-reducing bacteria.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- Tre0
- Interactor
- Bradyrhizobium
Bradyrhizobiume0symbiont - Outcome
- diazotrophs (Bradyrhizobium) and dissimilatory nitrate-reducing bacteriae0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Comparator
- clean tillage (CK)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tr, on the other hand, promoted diazotrophs (Bradyrhizobium) and dissimilatory nitrate-reducing bacteria”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“clean tillage (CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifolium repens grassing enhanced biological nitrogen fixation and retention.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- Tre2
- Outcome
- biological N fixation and retentione0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Comparator
- clean tillage (CK)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing biological N fixation and retention”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“Tr, on the other hand, promoted diazotrophs”
e3“clean tillage (CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed grassing enhanced nitrification.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- TPre0
- Outcome
- nitrificatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- clean tillage (CK)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TPr combined these benefits, leading to enhanced nitrification, increased labile carbon, and elevated enzyme activities”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“clean tillage (CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed grassing increased labile carbon.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- TPre0
- Outcome
- labile carbone0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- clean tillage (CK)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TPr combined these benefits, leading to enhanced nitrification, increased labile carbon, and elevated enzyme activities”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“clean tillage (CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed grassing elevated enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- TPre0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Comparator
- clean tillage (CK)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TPr combined these benefits, leading to enhanced nitrification, increased labile carbon, and elevated enzyme activities”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“clean tillage (CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixed treatment created a microbe–gene network mediating nitrification and denitrification.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- TPre2
- Outcome
- nitrification and denitrificatione0
- Qualifier
- complex microbe–gene networke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“creating a complex microbe–gene network that mediated nitrification and denitrification”
e1“in a peach orchard”
e2“TPr combined these benefits”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors present inter-row grassing as a strategy for improving nitrogen use efficiency and orchard management.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Outcome
- improving N use efficiency and promoting sustainable orchard managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“offering an effective strategy for improving N use efficiency and promoting sustainable orchard management”
e1“in a peach orchard”