Abstract
The transition year from tillage to no tillage in semiarid areas and its effects on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and related microbial communities, as well as the potential interaction with N management, including enhanced-efficiency fertilisers, are not well studied despite their economic and environmental implications. In tilled and nontilled plots, the effectiveness of the double DMPSA + NBPT inhibitor (applied with urea at basal fertilisation) and that of DMPSA (applied with calcium ammonium nitrate at top-dressing) in the mitigation of N2O emissions were evaluated in a rainfed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop in central Spain. Crop yield, nitrogen (N) uptake, the abundances of key genes involved in nitrification and denitrification processes and meteorological conditions and soil ancillary properties were monitored. In addition, the composition of bacterial communities was determined by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Fertilisers with inhibitors decreased cumulative N2O emissions and yield-scaled N2O emissions by 53% and 56%, respectively, with respect to those without inhibitors, which coincided with a trend of increasing grain and biomass yield and aboveground N uptake (by 11.3%, 9.2% and 7.2%, respectively). The highest N2O emissions were measured 49 days after harvest (immediately after a rainfall event that like reactivated soil microorganisms), reaching 15 mg N m−2 d−1 for the treatment with fertiliser without inhibitor combined with tillage. This peak was linked to a remarkable increase in the abundance of denitrifiers. The abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifiers successfully explained the N2O dynamics observed after basal fertilisation (i.e. an increase in the amoA/nosZ ratio in fertilised plots with inhibitors, where the highest emissions were observed). Our results also showed a reduction in the abundance of the phylum Nitrospirae throughout the cropping period in the plots that received inhibitors. No tillage led to a higher abundance of Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes and resulted in better implantation of the crop and higher plant density compared with tillage, thus increasing yields and N use efficiency and decreasing N2O emissions. Under the conditions of our study, shifting from conventional tillage to no tillage enhanced the balance between N use efficiency and yield-scaled N2O emissions in the first year of conversion, particularity with the use of the double inhibitor with urea at basal fertilisation and DMPSA with CAN at dressing.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers with inhibitors reduced cumulative N2O emissions by 53%.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- Fertilisers with inhibitorse0
- Outcome
- cumulative N2O emissionse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 53%e0
- Comparator
- those without inhibitorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Fertilisers with inhibitors decreased cumulative N2O emissions and yield-scaled N2O emissions by 53% and 56%, respectively, with respect to those without inhibitors”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers with inhibitors reduced yield scaled N2O emissions by 56%.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Fertilisers with inhibitorse0
- Outcome
- yield-scaled N2O emissionse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 56%e0
- Comparator
- those without inhibitorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilisers with inhibitors decreased cumulative N2O emissions and yield-scaled N2O emissions by 53% and 56%, respectively, with respect to those without inhibitors”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibitor use coincided with an 11.3% upward trend in grain yield.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 11.3%e0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a trend of increasing grain and biomass yield and aboveground N uptake (by 11.3%, 9.2% and 7.2%, respectively)”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibitor use coincided with a 9.2% upward trend in biomass yield.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- biomass yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 9.2%e0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a trend of increasing grain and biomass yield and aboveground N uptake (by 11.3%, 9.2% and 7.2%, respectively)”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibitor use coincided with a 7.2% upward trend in aboveground nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- aboveground N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 7.2%e0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a trend of increasing grain and biomass yield and aboveground N uptake (by 11.3%, 9.2% and 7.2%, respectively)”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The greatest N2O emission peak was 15 mg N m−2 d−1 after harvest following rainfall, with fertilization without inhibitor and tillage.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- fertiliser without inhibitor combined with tillagee0
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 15 mg N m−2 d−1e0
- Qualifier
- 49 days after harveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest N2O emissions were measured 49 days after harvest (immediately after a rainfall event that like reactivated soil microorganisms), reaching 15 mg N m−2 d−1 for the treatment with fertiliser without inhibitor combined with tillage”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The emission peak was linked to increased denitrifier abundance.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- abundance of denitrifierse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- This peake0
- Setting
- central Spaine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This peak was linked to a remarkable increase in the abundance of denitrifiers”
e1“in central Spain”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrifier and denitrifier abundances explained N2O dynamics after basal fertilization.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- N2O dynamicse0
- Qualifier
- abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifierse0
- Setting
- central Spaine1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifiers successfully explained the N2O dynamics observed after basal fertilisation”
e1“in central Spain”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The amoA to nosZ ratio increased in inhibitor fertilized plots where emissions were highest.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- fertilised plots with inhibitorse0
- Outcome
- amoA/nosZ ratioe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the amoA/nosZ ratio in fertilised plots with inhibitors, where the highest emissions were observed”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibitor plots showed reduced Nitrospirae abundance during cropping.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- inhibitorse0
- Outcome
- abundance of the phylum Nitrospiraee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a reduction in the abundance of the phylum Nitrospirae throughout the cropping period in the plots that received inhibitors”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes abundance.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- No tillagee0
- Outcome
- abundance of Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No tillage led to a higher abundance of Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage improved crop establishment and increased plant density relative to tillage.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- No tillagee0
- Outcome
- implantation of the crop and higher plant densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No tillage led to a higher abundance of Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes and resulted in better implantation of the crop and higher plant density compared with tillage”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased yield and nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- yields and N use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thus increasing yields and N use efficiency”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage decreased N2O emissions.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing N2O emissions”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Conversion to no tillage improved the balance of nitrogen use efficiency and yield scaled emissions in the first year, especially with the specified inhibitor regime.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- balance between N use efficiency and yield-scaled N2O emissionse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- first year of conversione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shifting from conventional tillage to no tillage enhanced the balance between N use efficiency and yield-scaled N2O emissions in the first year of conversion, particularity with the use of the double inhibitor with urea at basal fertilisation and DMPSA with CAN at dressing”
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crop”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · environment: emissions · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →fertilization · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
472 papers in the same direction as this paper · 66 in the opposite direction · 11 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
546 papers more in this group
See all 550 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.