Abstract
Acid sulfate soils pose significant challenges for rice cultivation due to their extreme acidity (pH<4.0) and associated nutrient deficiencies. This study investigated the effectiveness of biochar enriched with various organic amendments in improving soil properties and rice growth in degraded acid sulfate soils. A randomized block design was employed with seven treatments: control (B0), biochar enriched with Chromolaena odorata (B1), rice straw (B2), chicken manure (B3), cattle manure (B4), Tithonia sp. compost (B5), and NPK fertilizer at half the recommended dose (B6), each applied at 10 t/ha. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using 10 kg of soil per polybag with four replications. Soil samples from Sungai Kakap, West Kalimantan, exhibited severe constraints, including pH levels of 3.75-3.87, organic carbon content of 0.82-0.98%, and high Al and Fe contents (>3%). Results demonstrated that organic matter-enriched biochar treatments significantly improved soil chemical properties (p<0.01). Rice straw-enriched biochar (B2) achieved the highest available P (117.93 ppm) and K (1.09 cmol(+)/kg), while cattle manure-enriched biochar (B4) showed maximum organic C increase (1.30%). Plant growth parameters showed significant improvement, with B2 producing the tallest plants (137.43 cm) and B5 (Tithonia sp.) yielding the highest productive tillers (38.83). The findings indicate that biochar enriched with local organic materials, particularly rice straw and Tithonia sp., offers a sustainable solution for rehabilitating degraded acid sulfate soils while enhancing rice productivity.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Organic matter enriched biochar significantly improved soil chemical properties.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- organic matter-enriched biochar treatmentse0
- Outcome
- soil chemical propertiese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organic matter-enriched biochar treatments significantly improved soil chemical properties (p<0.01)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw enriched biochar achieved the highest available P.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Rice straw-enriched biochar (B2)e0
- Outcome
- available Pe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 117.93 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice straw-enriched biochar (B2) achieved the highest available P (117.93 ppm)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw enriched biochar achieved the highest available K.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Rice straw-enriched biochar (B2)e0
- Outcome
- Ke0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.09 cmol(+)/kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice straw-enriched biochar (B2) achieved the highest available P (117.93 ppm) and K (1.09 cmol(+)/kg)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure enriched biochar produced the maximum organic C increase.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- cattle manure-enriched biochar (B4)e0
- Outcome
- organic Ce0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1.30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cattle manure-enriched biochar (B4) showed maximum organic C increase (1.30%)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw enriched biochar produced the tallest rice plants.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- B2e0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- talleste0
- Value
- 137.43 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B2 producing the tallest plants (137.43 cm)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tithonia compost yielded the highest productive tiller count.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- B5 (Tithonia sp.)e0
- Outcome
- productive tillerse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 38.83e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B5 (Tithonia sp.) yielding the highest productive tillers (38.83)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose locally enriched biochar, especially rice straw and Tithonia, for soil rehabilitation and rice productivity.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Outcome
- rehabilitating degraded acid sulfate soils while enhancing rice productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar enriched with local organic materials, particularly rice straw and Tithonia sp., offers a sustainable solution for rehabilitating degraded acid sulfate soils while enhancing rice productivity”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
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See all 86 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.