Abstract
Abstract Legumes are widely recognized for improving soil fertility through atmospheric nitrogen fixation. The present study investigates the cultivation of groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) in the semiarid urban marginal lands of Khartoum, Sudan. A field study was conducted over two seasons to examine the effects of rhizobium inoculation (RI), mineral nitrogen (MN, 43 kg N ha −1 ) fertilizer and a control (C, no addition) on nodulation, yield and its components. Two varieties, Sodari and Kiriz , were tested in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The data collected include the number of nodules and the dry weights of nodules, shoots, and roots at 45, 75, and 105 days after sowing (DAS). Data on yield and yield components of seeds and pods were obtained at harvest. The nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents of the plant samples were analysed in the second season. The dry weights of nodule, shoot, and root of inoculated plants is comparable to that of N–fertilized plants. In the second season, MN increased the number of nodules by 58.6%, 28.4%, and 40.8% compared to RI at 45, 75, and 105 DAS, respectively. In the second season, Kiriz significantly outperformed Sodari in most parameters. Kiriz variety outperformed Sodari in pod, seed, and 100–seed weights by 128%, 88%, and 80%, respectively, over the two seasons. Application of RI significantly increased plant phosphorus uptake by 29% compared to C and by 109.5% compared to MN treatments.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weights of nodules, shoots and roots of rhizobium-inoculated groundnut plants were comparable to those of N-fertilized plants.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- rhizobium inoculation (RI)e2
- Outcome
- dry weights of nodule, shoot, and roote1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- N–fertilized plantse1
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“The dry weights of nodule, shoot, and root of inoculated plants is comparable to that of N–fertilized plants”
e2“rhizobium inoculation (RI)”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second season, mineral nitrogen increased nodule number by 58.6% compared to RI at 45 DAS.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Organ / stage
- nodulese1
- Treatment
- MNe1
- Outcome
- number of nodulese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 58.6%e1
- Qualifier
- at 45, 75, and 105 DASe1
- Comparator
- RIe1
- Setting
- second seasone1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“In the second season, MN increased the number of nodules by 58.6%, 28.4%, and 40.8% compared to RI at 45, 75, and 105 DAS, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second season, mineral nitrogen increased nodule number by 28.4% compared to RI at 75 DAS.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Organ / stage
- nodulese1
- Treatment
- MNe1
- Outcome
- number of nodulese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 28.4%e1
- Qualifier
- at 45, 75, and 105 DASe1
- Comparator
- RIe1
- Setting
- second seasone1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“In the second season, MN increased the number of nodules by 58.6%, 28.4%, and 40.8% compared to RI at 45, 75, and 105 DAS, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second season, mineral nitrogen increased nodule number by 40.8% compared to RI at 105 DAS.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Organ / stage
- nodulese1
- Treatment
- MNe1
- Outcome
- number of nodulese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 40.8%e1
- Qualifier
- at 45, 75, and 105 DASe1
- Comparator
- RIe1
- Setting
- second seasone1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“In the second season, MN increased the number of nodules by 58.6%, 28.4%, and 40.8% compared to RI at 45, 75, and 105 DAS, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second season, Kiriz significantly outperformed Sodari in most parameters.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Kirize1
- Outcome
- most parameterse1
- Direction
- outperformede1
- Comparator
- Sodarie1
- Setting
- second seasone1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“In the second season, Kiriz significantly outperformed Sodari in most parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Kiriz outperformed Sodari in pod weight by 128% over the two seasons.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Kirize1
- Outcome
- pode1
- Direction
- outperformede1
- Value
- 128%e1
- Comparator
- Sodarie1
- Setting
- two seasonse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“Kiriz variety outperformed Sodari in pod, seed, and 100–seed weights by 128%, 88%, and 80%, respectively, over the two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Kiriz outperformed Sodari in seed weight by 88% over the two seasons.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Kirize1
- Outcome
- seede1
- Direction
- outperformede1
- Value
- 88%e1
- Comparator
- Sodarie1
- Setting
- two seasonse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“Kiriz variety outperformed Sodari in pod, seed, and 100–seed weights by 128%, 88%, and 80%, respectively, over the two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Kiriz outperformed Sodari in 100-seed weight by 80% over the two seasons.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Kirize1
- Outcome
- 100–seed weightse1
- Direction
- outperformede1
- Value
- 80%e1
- Comparator
- Sodarie1
- Setting
- two seasonse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“Kiriz variety outperformed Sodari in pod, seed, and 100–seed weights by 128%, 88%, and 80%, respectively, over the two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium inoculation significantly increased plant phosphorus uptake by 29% compared to the control.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Application of RIe1
- Outcome
- plant phosphorus uptakee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 29%e1
- Comparator
- Ce1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“Application of RI significantly increased plant phosphorus uptake by 29% compared to C and by 109.5% compared to MN treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium inoculation significantly increased plant phosphorus uptake by 109.5% compared to mineral nitrogen treatments.
- Taxon
- Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)Arachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Application of RIe1
- Outcome
- plant phosphorus uptakee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 109.5%e1
- Comparator
- MN treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties”
e1“Application of RI significantly increased plant phosphorus uptake by 29% compared to C and by 109.5% compared to MN treatments”
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