Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination severely threaten rice productivity and food security, yet effective and sustainable detoxification strategies remain limited. This study investigates whether combined application of prohydrojasmonate (PDJ) and silicon (Si) can synergistically enhance Cd detoxification in rice. Rice seedlings exposed to Cd stress were treated with PDJ, Si or their combination and evaluated through integrated physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses including metal accumulation, photosynthetic performance, oxidative status, hormonal regulation and gene expression. Compared to individual treatments, PDJ-Si co-treatment significantly reduced Cd translocation to aerial tissues, with maximum root retention restored essential leaf elements (Fe, K, Mn) and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency. While PDJ and Si individually enhanced membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation and improved osmotic balance their combined application produced the most pronounced effects. Phytohormone profiling revealed coordinated activation of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways with balanced abscisic acid (ABA) modulation. Furthermore, both individual and combine application caused differential expression of genes related to detoxification ( OsABCC1 , OsGSTU5 , OsPCS1 ), metal transporters ( OsHMA2 , OsLCT1 ) and hormone biosynthesis ( OsABA2 , OsEDS1 , OsAOS2 ). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PDJ and Si application enhance Cd detoxification and stress tolerance in rice providing a promising approach for sustainable rice cultivation in Cd-contaminated soils.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
PDJ-Si co-treatment significantly reduced Cd translocation to rice aerial tissues versus individual treatments.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- PDJ-Si co-treatmente0
- Outcome
- Cd translocation to aerial tissuese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- individual treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“Compared to individual treatments, PDJ-Si co-treatment significantly reduced Cd translocation to aerial tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
PDJ-Si co-treatment maximized root retention of cadmium.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PDJ-Si co-treatmente1
- Outcome
- root retentione0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“with maximum root retention restored essential leaf elements (Fe, K, Mn)”
e1“Compared to individual treatments, PDJ-Si co-treatment significantly reduced Cd translocation to aerial tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
PDJ-Si co-treatment restored rice leaf Fe, K and Mn.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PDJ-Si co-treatmente1
- Outcome
- essential leaf elements (Fe, K, Mn)e0
- Direction
- restorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“restored essential leaf elements (Fe, K, Mn)”
e1“Compared to individual treatments, PDJ-Si co-treatment significantly reduced Cd translocation to aerial tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
PDJ-Si co-treatment enhanced rice photosynthetic efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PDJ-Si co-treatmente1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“enhanced photosynthetic efficiency”
e1“Compared to individual treatments, PDJ-Si co-treatment significantly reduced Cd translocation to aerial tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
PDJ alone improved rice membrane stability under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PDJe0
- Outcome
- membrane stabilitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“PDJ and Si individually enhanced membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation and improved osmotic balance”
Claim · model-written summary
Si alone improved rice membrane stability under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- membrane stabilitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“PDJ and Si individually enhanced membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation and improved osmotic balance”
Claim · model-written summary
PDJ alone reduced rice lipid peroxidation under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PDJe0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“PDJ and Si individually enhanced membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation and improved osmotic balance”
Claim · model-written summary
Si alone reduced rice lipid peroxidation under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“PDJ and Si individually enhanced membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation and improved osmotic balance”
Claim · model-written summary
PDJ alone improved rice osmotic balance under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PDJe0
- Outcome
- osmotic balancee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“PDJ and Si individually enhanced membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation and improved osmotic balance”
Claim · model-written summary
Si alone improved rice osmotic balance under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- osmotic balancee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“PDJ and Si individually enhanced membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation and improved osmotic balance”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined PDJ and Si produced the most pronounced effects on rice membrane and osmotic responses.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- most pronounced effectse0
- Direction
- most pronouncede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“their combined application produced the most pronounced effects.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice phytohormone profiling showed coordinated salicylic and jasmonic acid pathway activation with balanced ABA modulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- coordinated activation of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways with balanced abscisic acid (ABA) modulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“Phytohormone profiling revealed coordinated activation of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways with balanced abscisic acid (ABA) modulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined treatments differentially expressed rice detoxification genes OsABCC1, OsGSTU5 and OsPCS1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- individual and combine applicatione0
- Gene
- OsABCC1 , OsGSTU5 , OsPCS1e0
- Outcome
- differential expression of genes related to detoxificatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“both individual and combine application caused differential expression of genes related to detoxification ( OsABCC1 , OsGSTU5 , OsPCS1 ), metal transporters ( OsHMA2 , OsLCT1 ) and hormone biosynthesis ( OsABA2 , OsEDS1 , OsAOS2 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined treatments differentially expressed rice metal transporter genes OsHMA2 and OsLCT1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- individual and combine applicatione0
- Gene
- OsHMA2 , OsLCT1e0
- Outcome
- metal transporterse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“both individual and combine application caused differential expression of genes related to detoxification ( OsABCC1 , OsGSTU5 , OsPCS1 ), metal transporters ( OsHMA2 , OsLCT1 ) and hormone biosynthesis ( OsABA2 , OsEDS1 , OsAOS2 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined treatments differentially expressed rice hormone biosynthesis genes OsABA2, OsEDS1 and OsAOS2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- individual and combine applicatione0
- Gene
- OsABA2 , OsEDS1 , OsAOS2e0
- Outcome
- hormone biosynthesise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“both individual and combine application caused differential expression of genes related to detoxification ( OsABCC1 , OsGSTU5 , OsPCS1 ), metal transporters ( OsHMA2 , OsLCT1 ) and hormone biosynthesis ( OsABA2 , OsEDS1 , OsAOS2 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that PDJ and Si improve rice cadmium detoxification and stress tolerance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- PDJ and Si applicatione0
- Outcome
- Cd detoxification and stress tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice, Oryza sativa L”
e0“PDJ and Si application enhance Cd detoxification and stress tolerance in rice”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · physiology: oxidative · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
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