Abstract
BACKGROUND: Silicon (Si) application has been known to enhance the tolerance of plants against abiotic stresses. However, the protective mechanism of Si under heavy metals contamination is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess the role of Si in counteracting toxicity due to cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) in rice plants (Oryza sativa). RESULTS: Si significantly improved the growth and biomass of rice plants and reduced the toxic effects of Cd/Cu after different stress periods. Si treatment ameliorated root function and structure compared with non-treated rice plants, which suffered severe root damage. In the presence of Si, the Cd/Cu concentration was significantly lower in rice plants, and there was also a reduction in lipid peroxidation and fatty acid desaturation in plant tissues. The reduced uptake of metals in the roots modulated the signaling of phytohormones involved in responses to stress and host defense, such as abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid. Furthermore, the low concentration of metals significantly down regulated the mRNA expression of enzymes encoding heavy metal transporters (OsHMA2 and OsHMA3) in Si-metal-treated rice plants. Genes responsible for Si transport (OsLSi1 and OsLSi2), showed a significant up-regulation of mRNA expression with Si treatment in rice plants. CONCLUSION: The present study supports the active role of Si in the regulation of stresses from heavy metal exposure through changes in root morphology.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Si significantly improved the growth and biomass of rice plants under Cd/Cu stress.
- Taxon
- rice plants
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- growth and biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si significantly improved the growth and biomass of rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Si reduced the toxic effects of Cd/Cu in rice plants after different stress periods.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- toxic effects of Cd/Cue0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- after different stress periodse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si significantly improved the growth and biomass of rice plants and reduced the toxic effects of Cd/Cu after different stress periods”
Claim · model-written summary
Si treatment ameliorated root function and structure compared with non-treated rice plants.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente0
- Outcome
- root function and structuree0
- Direction
- amelioratede0
- Comparator
- non-treated rice plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si treatment ameliorated root function and structure compared with non-treated rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In the presence of Si, Cd/Cu concentration was significantly lower in rice plants.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- Cd/Cu concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of Si, the Cd/Cu concentration was significantly lower in rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In the presence of Si, lipid peroxidation and fatty acid desaturation in rice plant tissues were reduced.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- plant tissuese0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation and fatty acid desaturatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of Si, the Cd/Cu concentration was significantly lower in rice plants, and there was also a reduction in lipid peroxidation and fatty acid desaturation in plant tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
The reduced metal uptake in roots modulated the signaling of the stress and defense phytohormones abscisic acid, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Compound
- abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- signaling of phytohormonese0
- Qualifier
- reduced uptake of metals in the rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativalow”
e0“The reduced uptake of metals in the roots modulated the signaling of phytohormones involved in responses to stress and host defense, such as abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Low metal concentration significantly down-regulated mRNA expression of the heavy metal transporter genes OsHMA2 and OsHMA3 in Si-metal-treated rice plants.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Si-metal-treatede0
- Gene
- OsHMA2 and OsHMA3e0
- Outcome
- mRNA expressione0
- Direction
- down regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the low concentration of metals significantly down regulated the mRNA expression of enzymes encoding heavy metal transporters (OsHMA2 and OsHMA3) in Si-metal-treated rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The Si transport genes OsLSi1 and OsLSi2 showed significant up-regulation of mRNA expression with Si treatment in rice plants.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente0
- Gene
- OsLSi1 and OsLSi2e0
- Outcome
- mRNA expressione0
- Direction
- up-regulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genes responsible for Si transport (OsLSi1 and OsLSi2), showed a significant up-regulation of mRNA expression with Si treatment in rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that Si actively regulates heavy metal stress through changes in root morphology.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- regulation of stresses from heavy metal exposuree0
- Qualifier
- changes in root morphologye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oryza sativalow”
e0“The present study supports the active role of Si in the regulation of stresses from heavy metal exposure through changes in root morphology”
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