Abstract
Abstract Drought at early developmental stages severely limits olive (Olea europaea L.) production. Currently, “omics” approaches, such as proteomics, offer a unique opportunity to better elucidate plant responses to drought. Integrating this approach with morphological and physiological changes will enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying drought stress in this species. Herein, drought was imposed by total water depletion for 30 days and compared to well-watered plants. Results revealed that drought induced a decrement decrease in relative water content, reaching critical values below 40%, and triggered significant variations in morphological traits, including decrease in foliar biomass along with a drastic decrease in leaf area and leaf specific area in stressed olive plants. Furthermore, our physiological data indicate the inhibition of olive’s photosynthetic machinery under drought. Foliar-proteomic profiles of olive, performed using 2D gel electrophoresis and then liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-linear ion trap-tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLCESI-LIT-MS/MS), led to the identification of 20 leaf proteins of olive whose levels are altered in response to drought, particularly those related to the Calvin-Benson photosynthetic cycle (Rubisco, Rubisco activase), PS II stabilization (oxygen evolving protein (OEE1, OEE2), components of electron transport system (β subunits ATP synthase) and nitrogen metabolism (glutamine synthetase and bark storage protein). Despite all these changes, mineral status and especially foliar nitrogen levels remained stable, possibly due to the translocation of nitrogen from roots to leaves and the degradation of nitrogen-storing proteins like Rubisco and bark storage proteins.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased relative water content of olive plants to below 40%, compared with well-watered plants.
- Taxon
- olive
Olea europaeae1 - Treatment
- total water depletion for 30 dayse2
- Outcome
- relative water contente3
- Direction
- decreasee3
- Value
- below 40%e3
- Comparator
- well-watered plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“severely limits olive (Olea europaea L.) production”
e2“drought was imposed by total water depletion for 30 days and compared to well-watered plants”
e3“drought induced a decrement decrease in relative water content, reaching critical values below 40%”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased foliar biomass of olive plants.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- total water depletion for 30 dayse2
- Outcome
- foliar biomasse4
- Direction
- decreasee4
- Comparator
- well-watered plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“severely limits olive (Olea europaea L.) production”
e2“drought was imposed by total water depletion for 30 days and compared to well-watered plants”
e4“including decrease in foliar biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought drastically decreased leaf area and leaf specific area of stressed olive plants.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- total water depletion for 30 dayse2
- Outcome
- leaf area and leaf specific areae3
- Direction
- decreasee3
- Qualifier
- drastice3
- Comparator
- well-watered plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“severely limits olive (Olea europaea L.) production”
e2“drought was imposed by total water depletion for 30 days and compared to well-watered plants”
e3“a drastic decrease in leaf area and leaf specific area in stressed olive plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought inhibited the photosynthetic machinery of olive plants.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- droughte5
- Outcome
- photosynthetic machinerye5
- Direction
- inhibitione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“severely limits olive (Olea europaea L.) production”
e5“the inhibition of olive’s photosynthetic machinery under drought”
Claim · model-written summary
20 leaf proteins of olive were identified whose levels change in response to drought.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae6
- Treatment
- droughte6
- Outcome
- leaf proteinse6
- Value
- 20e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“led to the identification of 20 leaf proteins of olive whose levels are altered in response to drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nitrogen levels of olive plants remained stable under drought.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Outcome
- foliar nitrogen levelse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“severely limits olive (Olea europaea L.) production”
e7“mineral status and especially foliar nitrogen levels remained stable”
Claim · model-written summary
Stable foliar nitrogen in olive under drought is possibly due to nitrogen translocation from roots to leaves.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Outcome
- foliar nitrogen levelse7
- Qualifier
- translocation of nitrogen from roots to leavese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“severely limits olive (Olea europaea L.) production”
e7“mineral status and especially foliar nitrogen levels remained stable”
e3“possibly due to the translocation of nitrogen from roots to leaves and the degradation of nitrogen-storing proteins”