Paper · 2026 · Agricultural & Environmental Letters

A dual tank precision sprayer to overcome antagonism of mixing dicamba and clethodim for control of volunteer corn in soybean

Adam Leise; Mandeep Singh; Amit J. Jhala

6
claims
9
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Abstract The mixing of clethodim and dicamba in the same tank could lead to reduced grass weed control, suggesting antagonism. Recently commercialized precision dual tank sprayers can apply two herbicides simultaneously through different boom systems, which may reduce potential herbicide antagonism for effective grass weed control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction of dicamba and clethodim applied through tank mixing or using the dual tank/boom system for control of glyphosate‐/glufosinate‐resistant volunteer corn ( Zea mays L.) in dicamba‐resistant soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Mixing clethodim at the two rates of 54 and 76 g active ingredient (ai) ha −1 with dicamba in the same tank resulted in 21% and 28% volunteer corn control, respectively, 28 days after application. Clethodim and dicamba applied in a dual tank/boom provided similar control (97%–99%) as clethodim applied alone. The dual tank application of clethodim at 76 g ai ha −1 and dicamba had a similar volunteer corn density and soybean yield to that of clethodim alone. The results suggest that the dual tank/boom system of a sprayer was helpful in reducing antagonism of mixing clethodim and dicamba in the same tank to control volunteer corn in dicamba‐resistant soybean.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tank mixing clethodim at 54 g ai/ha with dicamba gave 21% volunteer corn control at 28 days.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
54 and 76 g active ingredient (ai) ha −1 with dicamba in the same tanke0
Interactor
volunteer corne0weed
Outcome
volunteer corn controle0
Value
21%e0
Qualifier
28 days after applicatione0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Mixing clethodim at the two rates of 54 and 76 g active ingredient (ai) ha −1 with dicamba in the same tank resulted in 21% and 28% volunteer corn control, respectively, 28 days after application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–813 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–125 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tank mixing clethodim at 76 g ai/ha with dicamba gave 28% volunteer corn control at 28 days.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
54 and 76 g active ingredient (ai) ha −1 with dicamba in the same tanke0
Interactor
volunteer corne0weed
Outcome
volunteer corn controle0
Value
28%e0
Qualifier
28 days after applicatione0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Mixing clethodim at the two rates of 54 and 76 g active ingredient (ai) ha −1 with dicamba in the same tank resulted in 21% and 28% volunteer corn control, respectively, 28 days after application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–813 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–125 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dual tank application gave 97%–99% control, similar to clethodim alone.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Clethodim and dicamba applied in a dual tank/boome0
Outcome
controle0
Direction
similare0
Value
97%–99%e0
Comparator
clethodim applied alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Clethodim and dicamba applied in a dual tank/boom provided similar control (97%–99%) as clethodim applied alone.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 814–926 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–125 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dual tank application gave volunteer corn density similar to clethodim alone.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
dual tank application of clethodim at 76 g ai ha −1 and dicambae0
Interactor
volunteer corne0weed
Outcome
volunteer corn densitye0
Direction
similare0
Comparator
clethodim alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The dual tank application of clethodim at 76 g ai ha −1 and dicamba had a similar volunteer corn density and soybean yield to that of clethodim alone.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 927–1077 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dual tank application gave soybean yield similar to clethodim alone.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
dual tank application of clethodim at 76 g ai ha −1 and dicambae0
Outcome
soybean yielde0
Direction
similare0
Comparator
clethodim alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The dual tank application of clethodim at 76 g ai ha −1 and dicamba had a similar volunteer corn density and soybean yield to that of clethodim alone.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 927–1077 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest dual tank spraying reduces dicamba–clethodim antagonism in volunteer corn control.

Taxon
dicamba‐resistant soybeane0
Interactor
volunteer corne0weed
Outcome
reducing antagonism of mixing clethodim and dicamba in the same tank to control volunteer corne0

Verbatim

e0

“The results suggest that the dual tank/boom system of a sprayer was helpful in reducing antagonism of mixing clethodim and dicamba in the same tank to control volunteer corn in dicamba‐resistant soybean.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1078–1281 · show in text ↑

dicamba · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

49 papers: 11 positive, 38 negative or no effect

10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 38 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

45 papers more in this group

See all 49 papers →

clethodim · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 6 positive, 2 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

dicamba · organism · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 4 positive, 5 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

clethodim · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 9 positive, 2 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

dicamba · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

31 papers: 27 positive, 4 negative or no effect

26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

27 papers more in this group

See all 31 papers →

clethodim · organism · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.