Abstract
BACKGROUND: Intercropping, the practice of planting two or more crops in the same space, can fully utilize the potential of introducing aromatic plants to reduce pests and diseases, improve nutrient utilization efficiency and productivity. Introducing aromatic plants into intercropping systems releases volatile organic compounds that can regulate soil microbial communities, enrich beneficial microorganisms, help suppress pathogens, and enhance plant health. RESULT: We compared tomato monocropping with intercropping systems intercropping and four aromatic plants - fennel, garland chrysanthemum, coriander, and chive - as well as a non-aromatic vegetable, pakchoi. These systems were evaluated with and without beneficial microorganisms to assess effects on tomato growth, soil properties, and bacterial wilt resistance. The tomato-chive and tomato-coriander combinations achieved disease control rates of 69.70% and 57.58%, respectively, demonstrating improved disease resistance. Conversely, intercropping with pakchoi suppressed tomato growth and increased disease incidence. There were positive effects of garland chrysanthemum and coriander on tomato yield and quality. The former raised yield by 11.56% and elevated soluble solids, protein, and invertase. With tomato-coriander treatment yielded 10.88% more than the control group, with significant increases in titratable acidity and lycopene content. Intercropping with aromatic plants significantly improved soil properties, particularly by increasing the activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and soil dehydrogenase. Furthermore, beneficial microorganisms in intercropping systems further promoted crop growth, yield, and soil enzyme activities. CONCLUSION: Our results emphasize a positive correlation between increases in soil nutrients, organic matter, and enzyme activities in tomato-aromatic crop intercropping systems and improvements in tomato yield and quality. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato with chive achieved a 69.70% disease control rate.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- tomato-chivee0
- Outcome
- disease control ratese0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 69.70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tomato-chive and tomato-coriander combinations achieved disease control rates of 69.70% and 57.58%, respectively, demonstrating improved disease resistance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato with coriander achieved a 57.58% disease control rate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- tomato-coriandere0
- Outcome
- disease control ratese0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 57.58%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tomato-chive and tomato-coriander combinations achieved disease control rates of 69.70% and 57.58%, respectively, demonstrating improved disease resistance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping with pakchoi suppressed tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- intercropping with pakchoie0
- Outcome
- tomato growthe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conversely, intercropping with pakchoi suppressed tomato growth and increased disease incidence.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping with pakchoi increased tomato disease incidence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- intercropping with pakchoie0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conversely, intercropping with pakchoi suppressed tomato growth and increased disease incidence.”
Claim · model-written summary
Garland chrysanthemum intercropping raised tomato yield by 11.56%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- garland chrysanthemume0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- raisede0
- Value
- 11.56%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were positive effects of garland chrysanthemum and coriander on tomato yield and quality. The former raised yield by 11.56% and elevated soluble solids, protein, and invertase.”
Claim · model-written summary
Garland chrysanthemum intercropping elevated tomato soluble solids, protein, and invertase.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- garland chrysanthemume0
- Outcome
- soluble solids, protein, and invertasee0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were positive effects of garland chrysanthemum and coriander on tomato yield and quality. The former raised yield by 11.56% and elevated soluble solids, protein, and invertase.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato-coriander intercropping yielded 10.88% more than control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- tomato-coriander treatmente0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 10.88%e0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With tomato-coriander treatment yielded 10.88% more than the control group, with significant increases in titratable acidity and lycopene content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato-coriander intercropping significantly increased titratable acidity and lycopene content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- tomato-coriander treatmente0
- Outcome
- titratable acidity and lycopene contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With tomato-coriander treatment yielded 10.88% more than the control group, with significant increases in titratable acidity and lycopene content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aromatic plant intercropping significantly increased acid and alkaline phosphatase and soil dehydrogenase activities.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Intercropping with aromatic plantse0
- Outcome
- activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and soil dehydrogenasee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping with aromatic plants significantly improved soil properties, particularly by increasing the activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and soil dehydrogenase.”
t0“tomato productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Beneficial microorganisms in intercropping systems promoted crop growth and yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- beneficial microorganismse0
- Outcome
- crop growth, yielde0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, beneficial microorganisms in intercropping systems further promoted crop growth, yield, and soil enzyme activities.”
t0“tomato productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Beneficial microorganisms in intercropping systems promoted soil enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- beneficial microorganismse0
- Outcome
- soil enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, beneficial microorganisms in intercropping systems further promoted crop growth, yield, and soil enzyme activities.”
t0“tomato productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Increases in soil nutrients, organic matter, and enzyme activities were positively correlated with improvements in tomato yield and quality.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- tomato-aromatic crop intercropping systemse0
- Outcome
- tomato yield and qualitye0
- Direction
- positive correlatione0
- Qualifier
- increases in soil nutrients, organic matter, and enzyme activitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results emphasize a positive correlation between increases in soil nutrients, organic matter, and enzyme activities in tomato-aromatic crop intercropping systems and improvements in tomato yield and quality.”
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