Abstract
Enicostema axillare is a perennial herb of the family Gentianaceae. The bitter-natured plant acts as a laxative, helps cure fever, rheumatism, and skin diseases, and is widely used in traditional medicine. Shade-dried whole plant material was subjected to Soxhlet extraction with Ethanol. The extracts were evaluated by chemical examination and chromatographic method for the presence of phytoconstituents. Morphological studies indicate Simple, and oblong to lanceolate leaves, sub-quadrangular or terete stems, and tubular roots. Microscopic studies indicate that leaves have diacytic and anisocytic stomata on the lower surface. Single-layered upper epidermis with thick-walled cuticle, and non- glandular trichomes in leaves, stem, and root. Root shows secondary growth; vascular tissue is in an ending arch condition. Phytochemical studies indicate that the plant contains carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins. Percentage yield of ethanolic extract were 8%, alcohol -soluble extractive value 15.2%, water–soluble extractive value 18%, moisture content 5%, total ash 11.5%, acid-insoluble ash 6.5%, water-soluble ash were 7.5%, and in TLC analysis, Rf values were found to be 0.81,0.86,0.9. Key words: Phytochemistry, Physicochemical, Microscopic, TLC
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The plant had simple oblong to lanceolate leaves, sub-quadrangular or terete stems, and tubular roots.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillare
Enicostema axillaree1 - Outcome
- Simple, and oblong to lanceolate leaves, sub-quadrangular or terete stems, and tubular rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simple, and oblong to lanceolate leaves, sub-quadrangular or terete stems, and tubular roots”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves had diacytic and anisocytic stomata on their lower surface.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- diacytic and anisocytic stomata on the lower surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaves have diacytic and anisocytic stomata on the lower surface”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
The upper epidermis was single-layered with a thick-walled cuticle and non-glandular trichomes occurred in leaves, stem and root.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- Single-layered upper epidermis with thick-walled cuticle, and non- glandular trichomes in leaves, stem, and roote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Single-layered upper epidermis with thick-walled cuticle, and non- glandular trichomes in leaves, stem, and root”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
The root showed secondary growth and vascular tissue in an ending arch condition.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Organ / stage
- Roote0
- Outcome
- secondary growth; vascular tissue is in an ending arch conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root shows secondary growth; vascular tissue is in an ending arch condition”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant contained carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and saponinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the plant contains carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic extract yield was 8%.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- Percentage yield of ethanolic extracte0
- Value
- 8%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percentage yield of ethanolic extract were 8%”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
Alcohol-soluble extractive value was 15.2%.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- alcohol -soluble extractive valuee0
- Value
- 15.2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alcohol -soluble extractive value 15.2%”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-soluble extractive value was 18%.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- water–soluble extractive valuee0
- Value
- 18%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water–soluble extractive value 18%”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture content was 5%.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Value
- 5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moisture content 5%”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
Total ash was 11.5%.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- total ashe0
- Value
- 11.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total ash 11.5%”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid-insoluble ash was 6.5%.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- acid-insoluble ashe0
- Value
- 6.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acid-insoluble ash 6.5%”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-soluble ash was 7.5%.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- water-soluble ashe0
- Value
- 7.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water-soluble ash were 7.5%”
e1“Enicostema axillare”
Claim · model-written summary
TLC gave Rf values of 0.81, 0.86 and 0.9.
- Taxon
- Enicostema axillareEnicostema axillaree1
- Outcome
- Rf valuese0
- Value
- 0.81,0.86,0.9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in TLC analysis, Rf values were found to be 0.81,0.86,0.9”
e1“Enicostema axillare”