Abstract
Wheat seed quality is a key factor of end-use performance and nutritional value, yet it is strongly influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The present study evaluated the performance, stability, and genetic control of wheat seed quality traits across six contrasting environments in Greece, focusing on genotypes derived from three selection designs (McGinnis & Shebeski, honeycomb, and gridding) and a local landrace. The measured traits included crude protein, fat, ash, starch, crude fibre, Zeleny sedimentation, carbohydrate, soluble fraction, non-starch fraction, and moisture. A combined ANOVA revealed significant effects of genotype, environment, and their interaction on all traits. Crude protein, fat, ash, and carbohydrate were predominantly governed by genotype, while starch, Zeleny sedimentation, soluble fraction, non-starch fraction, and moisture were more influenced by environmental factors, while crude fiber showed balanced genotype × environment effects. Stability analysis identified genotypes with consistent expression of key quality traits across environments, demonstrating the relevance of stability parameters for reliable selection. Correlation analysis indicated positive associations among protein, fat, Zeleny sedimentation, and crude fiber, and negative relationships with starch, carbohydrate, soluble fraction, and non-starch fraction, revealing trade-offs among wheat seed quality components. Selection method influenced trait expression, with gridding-derived lines excelling in protein and fat, McGinnis & Shebeski lines in Zeleny sedimentation and fiber, and honeycomb-derived lines in starch, carbohydrate, soluble, and non-starch fractions. Overall, the results support the use of multi-environment evaluation and stability-based selection to improve wheat seed quality in a predictable and targeted manner.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype, environment and their interaction significantly affected all measured seed quality traits.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- all traitse0
- Setting
- environmente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A combined ANOVA revealed significant effects of genotype, environment, and their interaction on all traits.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate were predominantly governed by genotype.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- genotypee0
- Outcome
- Crude protein, fat, ash, and carbohydratee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crude protein, fat, ash, and carbohydrate were predominantly governed by genotype”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch, Zeleny sedimentation and soluble fraction were more influenced by environmental factors.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- starch, Zeleny sedimentation, soluble fractione0
- Direction
- more influencede0
- Setting
- environmental factorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch, Zeleny sedimentation, soluble fraction, non-starch fraction, and moisture were more influenced by environmental factors”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-starch fraction and moisture were more influenced by environmental factors.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- non-starch fraction, and moisturee0
- Direction
- more influencede0
- Setting
- environmental factorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“non-starch fraction, and moisture were more influenced by environmental factors”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude fiber showed balanced genotype by environment effects.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- crude fibere0
- Setting
- environmente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crude fiber showed balanced genotype × environment effects”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Some genotypes showed consistent expression of key quality traits across environments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- genotypese0
- Outcome
- consistent expression of key quality traitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stability analysis identified genotypes with consistent expression of key quality traits across environments”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein, fat, Zeleny sedimentation and crude fiber had positive associations.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- protein, fat, Zeleny sedimentation, and crude fibere0
- Direction
- positive associationse0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive associations among protein, fat, Zeleny sedimentation, and crude fiber”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch, carbohydrate and soluble fraction showed negative relationships with the positively associated quality traits.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- starch, carbohydrate, soluble fractione0
- Direction
- negative relationshipse0
- Comparator
- protein, fat, Zeleny sedimentation, and crude fibere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“negative relationships with starch, carbohydrate, soluble fraction, and non-starch fraction”
e1“positive associations among protein, fat, Zeleny sedimentation, and crude fiber”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-starch fraction showed negative relationships with the positively associated quality traits.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- non-starch fractione0
- Direction
- negative relationshipse0
- Comparator
- protein, fat, Zeleny sedimentation, and crude fibere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“negative relationships with starch, carbohydrate, soluble fraction, and non-starch fraction”
e1“positive associations among protein, fat, Zeleny sedimentation, and crude fiber”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Gridding-derived lines excelled in protein and fat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- gridding-derived linese0
- Outcome
- protein and fate0
- Direction
- excellinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gridding-derived lines excelling in protein and fat”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
McGinnis & Shebeski lines excelled in Zeleny sedimentation and fiber.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- McGinnis & Shebeski linese0
- Outcome
- Zeleny sedimentation and fibere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“McGinnis & Shebeski lines in Zeleny sedimentation and fiber”
e1“excelling in protein and fat”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Honeycomb-derived lines excelled in starch, carbohydrate and soluble fractions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- honeycomb-derived linese0
- Outcome
- starch, carbohydrate, solublee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“honeycomb-derived lines in starch, carbohydrate, soluble, and non-starch fractions”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Honeycomb-derived lines excelled in non-starch fractions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- honeycomb-derived linese0
- Outcome
- non-starch fractionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“honeycomb-derived lines in starch, carbohydrate, soluble, and non-starch fractions”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors support multi-environment evaluation and stability-based selection to improve wheat seed quality.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- multi-environment evaluation and stability-based selectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the results support the use of multi-environment evaluation and stability-based selection to improve wheat seed quality in a predictable and targeted manner”
t0“Wheat”