Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nutrients play a very important role in chemical, biochemical, physiological, metabolic, geochemical, biogeochemical, and enzymatic processes. OBJECTIVES: Current research was done to evaluated effect of foliar application of Microelements (Iron and Zinc) on crop production of Sunflower. METHODS: This study was conducted in Ahvaz city (southwest of Iran) via a Factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2022. The first factor included foliar application of Iron fertilizer (Zero or control, 0.003 and 0.005 concentration) and second factor consisted foliar application of Zinc fertilizer (Zero or control, 0.002 and 0.004 concentration). RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of different level of Iron and Zinc fertilizer on all studied traits were significant but interaction effect of treatments on 1000-grain weight, oil content and oil yield was not significant. Evaluation mean comparison result of different level of Iron fertilizer revealed maximum amount of 1000-grain weight (65.27 gr), oil content (41.11%) and oil yield (116.87 gr.m -2 ) belonged to 0.005 L.ha -1 and lowest ones was control. Also compare different level of foliar application of Zinc showed that the maximum and the minimum amount of 1000-grain weight, oil content and oil yield belonged to 0.004 L.ha -1 and control treatments. Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated maximum number of grain per head (620.31), grain yield (298.6 gr.m -2 ), protein content (19.3%) and protein yield (57.62 gr.m -2 ) was noted for 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zinc and lowest ones belonged to control treatment. CONCLUSION: Finally according result of current research application 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zinc had the highest amount of studied traits and it can be advice to producers in studied region.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Iron and zinc fertilizer levels had significant effects on all studied sunflower traits.
- Taxon
- Sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- Iron and Zinc fertilizere1
- Outcome
- all studied traitse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e1“effect of different level of Iron and Zinc fertilizer on all studied traits were significant”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction of iron and zinc treatments did not significantly affect 1000-grain weight, oil content or oil yield.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Iron and Zinc fertilizere1
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weight, oil content and oil yielde2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e1“effect of different level of Iron and Zinc fertilizer on all studied traits were significant”
e2“interaction effect of treatments on 1000-grain weight, oil content and oil yield was not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest 1000-grain weight of sunflower was obtained with 0.005 L.ha -1 iron fertilizer, with the control lowest.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Iron fertilizere3
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 65.27 gre3
- Qualifier
- 0.005 L.ha -1e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e3“Evaluation mean comparison result of different level of Iron fertilizer revealed maximum amount of 1000-grain weight (65.27 gr), oil content (41.11%) and oil yield (116.87 gr.m -2) belonged to 0.005 L.ha -1 and lowest ones was control”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest oil content of sunflower was obtained with 0.005 L.ha -1 iron fertilizer, with the control lowest.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Iron fertilizere3
- Outcome
- oil contente3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 41.11%e3
- Qualifier
- 0.005 L.ha -1e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e3“Evaluation mean comparison result of different level of Iron fertilizer revealed maximum amount of 1000-grain weight (65.27 gr), oil content (41.11%) and oil yield (116.87 gr.m -2) belonged to 0.005 L.ha -1 and lowest ones was control”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest oil yield of sunflower was obtained with 0.005 L.ha -1 iron fertilizer, with the control lowest.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Iron fertilizere3
- Outcome
- oil yielde3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 116.87 gr.m -2e3
- Qualifier
- 0.005 L.ha -1e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e3“Evaluation mean comparison result of different level of Iron fertilizer revealed maximum amount of 1000-grain weight (65.27 gr), oil content (41.11%) and oil yield (116.87 gr.m -2) belonged to 0.005 L.ha -1 and lowest ones was control”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum 1000-grain weight, oil content and oil yield of sunflower were found at 0.004 L.ha -1 zinc fertilizer, with the control lowest.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zince4
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weight, oil content and oil yielde4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Qualifier
- 0.004 L.ha -1e4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e4“Also compare different level of foliar application of Zinc showed that the maximum and the minimum amount of 1000-grain weight, oil content and oil yield belonged to 0.004 L.ha -1 and control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum number of grains per head was found with 0.005 L.ha -1 iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 zinc foliar application, with the control lowest.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Irone5
- Outcome
- number of grain per heade5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 620.31e5
- Qualifier
- 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zince5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e5“Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated maximum number of grain per head (620.31), grain yield (298.6 gr.m -2), protein content (19.3%) and protein yield (57.62 gr.m -2) was noted for 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zinc and lowest ones belonged to control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum grain yield of sunflower was found with 0.005 L.ha -1 iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 zinc foliar application, with the control lowest.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Irone5
- Outcome
- grain yielde5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 298.6 gr.m -2e5
- Qualifier
- 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zince5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e5“Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated maximum number of grain per head (620.31), grain yield (298.6 gr.m -2), protein content (19.3%) and protein yield (57.62 gr.m -2) was noted for 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zinc and lowest ones belonged to control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum protein content of sunflower was found with 0.005 L.ha -1 iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 zinc foliar application, with the control lowest.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Irone5
- Outcome
- protein contente5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 19.3%e5
- Qualifier
- 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zince5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e5“Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated maximum number of grain per head (620.31), grain yield (298.6 gr.m -2), protein content (19.3%) and protein yield (57.62 gr.m -2) was noted for 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zinc and lowest ones belonged to control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum protein yield of sunflower was found with 0.005 L.ha -1 iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 zinc foliar application, with the control lowest.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Irone5
- Outcome
- protein yielde5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 57.62 gr.m -2e5
- Qualifier
- 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zince5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e5“Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated maximum number of grain per head (620.31), grain yield (298.6 gr.m -2), protein content (19.3%) and protein yield (57.62 gr.m -2) was noted for 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zinc and lowest ones belonged to control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of 0.005 L.ha -1 iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 zinc can be advised to producers in the studied region.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- application 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zince6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop production of Sunflower”
e6“according result of current research application 0.005 L.ha -1 foliar application of Iron and 0.004 L.ha -1 foliar application of Zinc had the highest amount of studied traits and it can be advice to producers in studied region”
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See all 158 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.